Table 1.
Socio‐demographic and clinical characteristics of respondents
| Esophageal cancer patients |
Controls (n = 2179) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Severe dysplasia/CIS (n = 257) |
Stage I (n = 313) |
Stage II (n = 381) |
Stage III (n = 288) |
Stage IV (n = 204) |
Total[Link]
(n = 1456) |
||
| Age (y, %)[Link] | |||||||
| ≤55 | 14.0 | 14.7 | 12.9 | 16.0 | 13.7 | 14.1 | 52.0 |
| 56‐60 | 15.6 | 14.4 | 15.0 | 12.5 | 11.3 | 13.9 | 17.8 |
| 61‐65 | 33.9 | 30.0 | 24.1 | 26.0 | 27.9 | 28.1 | 17.0 |
| ≥66 | 36.5 | 40.9 | 48.0 | 45.5 | 47.1 | 43.9 | 13.2 |
| Gender (%)[Link] | |||||||
| Male | 67.7 | 73.5 | 76.4 | 76.7 | 74.0 | 73.8 | 49.8 |
| Female | 32.3 | 26.5 | 23.6 | 23.3 | 26.0 | 26.2 | 50.2 |
| Marital status (%) | |||||||
| Married | 96.1 | 94.9 | 95.8 | 96.2 | 94.1 | 95.5 | 94.5 |
| Others | 3.9 | 5.1 | 4.2 | 3.8 | 5.9 | 4.5 | 5.5 |
| Occupation (%)[Link] | |||||||
| Farmer | 88.3 | 82.4 | 79.0 | 77.4 | 77.5 | 81.0 | N/A |
| Nonfarmer | 11.7 | 17.6 | 21.0 | 22.6 | 22.5 | 19.0 | |
| Duration of illness (y, %) | |||||||
| 1 | 46.7 | 41.2 | 36.2 | 43.4 | 36.3 | 40.7 | N/A |
| 2‐4 | 46.3 | 52.1 | 57.0 | 52.8 | 56.8 | 53.1 | |
| ≥5 | 7.0 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 3.8 | 6.9 | 6.2 | |
| Other chronic diseases (%) | |||||||
| No | 77.0 | 77.6 | 75.1 | 77.8 | 75.5 | 76.6 | N/A |
| Yes | 23.0 | 22.4 | 24.9 | 22.2 | 24.5 | 23.4 | |
| Therapeutic regimen (%)[Link] | |||||||
| Surgery | 38.5 | 29.1 | 21.8 | 20.1 | 13.7 | 24.7 | N/A |
| Radical resection | 46.3 | 30.6 | 19.4 | 24.3 | 2.0 | 24.8 | |
| Radiotherapy | 2.7 | 11.8 | 12.6 | 15.3 | 27.9 | 14.1 | |
| Chemotherapy | 1.6 | 5.1 | 15.5 | 12.2 | 24.5 | 11.3 | |
| Surgery plus adjuvant chemotherapy | 0.4 | 3.5 | 6.0 | 4.5 | 3.4 | 3.8 | |
| Concurrent chemoradiotherapy | 0.4 | 6.4 | 10.0 | 13.9 | 9.8 | 8.2 | |
| Symptomatic treatment | 4.3 | 10.9 | 13.4 | 6.6 | 16.2 | 10.2 | |
| Others | 5.8 | 2.6 | 1.3 | 3.1 | 2.5 | 2.9 | |
| Study center (%)b,c | |||||||
| Cixian County | 25.7 | 23.9 | 16.8 | 13.9 | 14.7 | 18.8 | 15.8 |
| Wuwei City | 24.5 | 23.0 | 24.4 | 11.1 | 5.4 | 18.6 | 13.9 |
| Linzhou County | 21.4 | 9.9 | 10.5 | 14.2 | 18.1 | 14.9 | 14.2 |
| Harbin City | 7.8 | 9.3 | 14.7 | 21.9 | 16.2 | 13.8 | 14.0 |
| Changsha City | 3.9 | 13.1 | 13.6 | 16.3 | 14.7 | 12.4 | 14.5 |
| Sheyang County | 7.8 | 11.2 | 12.3 | 12.8 | 15.2 | 11.7 | 13.8 |
| Luoshan County | 8.9 | 9.6 | 7.7 | 9.8 | 15.7 | 9.8 | 13.8 |
N/A, controls did not collect or did not have these characteristics.
Including 13 patients with a clinical stage classified as “unknown.”
Statistical difference between esophageal cancer patients and controls (P < 0.05).
Statistical difference among subgroups of esophageal cancer patients (P < 0.05).