TABLE 1.
Criteria used for the eligibility assessment of all potential NP models identified1
| Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria | |
|---|---|---|
| A | Models allowing for the classification or categorization of individual foods | Models only allowing for the classification or categorization of combinations of foods (i.e., meals or diets, such as the Healthy Eating Index) |
| B | Models integrating data from >1 nutrient or food component to produce a single overall score or categorization, or models with separate sets of criteria for multiple nutrients or food components (e.g., Traffic Light System in which the levels of each of the nutrients considered are interpreted separately) |
Models in which only a single nutrient or food component is used, as focusing on only 1 aspect of the nutritional composition can mask the overall nutritional quality of a food product (e.g., nutrient content claim; reformulation targets for single nutrients such as sodium; Whole Grain Stamp) |
| C | Models with a food focus that also use criteria based on nutrients and other food components | Models with a food focus that do not use criteria based on the amounts of nutrients and other food components (e.g., a model that only states that soft soda cannot be advertised to children without considering the underlying nutritional composition of the products) |
| D | Models in which the output (score or classification) includes at least a modest interpretative element | Models in which the output shows little or no interpretative element (e.g., models only repeating the amounts of some nutrients found in the Nutrition Facts Table, or models showing a percentage of GDAs, a percentage of DVs, or the GDAs/DVs themselves) |
| E | Models developed or endorsed2 by governmental or intergovernmental organizations and having applications in government-led nutrition policy and regulation, including, but not limited to the following: | Models developed by different types of organizations (e.g., commercial; nongovernmental; academic) that are not endorsed2 by government bodies (e.g., models developed by the food industry for their own voluntary marketing restrictions; models developed by heart foundations for food-certification schemes) |
| -Food certification schemes/front-of-pack labeling | ||
| -Standards for food advertising or marketing | ||
| -Regulation of health and nutrition claims | ||
| -Food procurement regulations/food-quality standards for public institutions (e.g., schools, workplaces, hospitals, armed services, prisons, elderly care homes) | ||
| -Food taxation | ||
| -Food subsidies | ||
| -Welfare support schemes | ||
| -Food fortification | ||
| -Nutritional surveillance | ||
| F | Models intended for national or international use, or for use in a jurisdiction with responsibility for the relevant food policy or regulation (e.g., models developed by states or provinces responsible for school food standards) | Models intended for use at a very specific/narrow level (e.g., municipal) |
| G | Details of the model are publicly available in the peer-reviewed or gray literature (e.g., government documents/websites, theses) | Details of the model are not known because they are not publicly or freely available, or they could not be found, therefore not allowing for the appropriate use or adaptation of a model or appropriate evaluation of its construct and components |
| H | Final versions of models that are currently in use or draft models that have been proposed for use within the last 3–5 y | Discontinued models no longer in use, or proposed models that were never implemented |
| I | Models that do not duplicate information included previously | Models duplicating information from another model (e.g., an exact same model is described in multiple documents, but under slightly different names) |
| J | Full details of the model are available in English, French, or Spanish | Full details available in another language than specified in the left column |
| K | N/A | “Not relevant”: this represents the situation where it is found, during eligibility assessment, that a policy, regulation, standard, scheme, etc., initially considered as a potential NP model actually does not correspond to such a model (i.e., does not use any criteria to classify foods, either food-based or nutrient-based). For example, this could be a Code in which it is found, when reviewing the source document, that there is a total ban of the commercial advertising of any type of product to children, food or not. Therefore, this means that no NP model is used as part of this Code to determine which foods can or cannot be advertised to children |
1Letters are used to indicate the reason(s) for exclusion in the list of excluded models (Supplemental Table 3). DV, Daily Value; GDA, Guideline Daily Amount; N/A, not applicable; NP, nutrient profile.
2For the purpose of this review, “endorsed” refers to models that are used by governmental or intergovernmental organizations or that are made reference to in government publications in relation to ≥1 of the above applications but that were not developed by such organizations.