TABLE 2.
Estimated mean changes and 95% CIs in lipoprotein lipids for each 1% of dietary energy as SFAs isocalorically replaced with CHO, MUFAs, or PUFAs from an analysis of 74 trials1
| Change (mmol/L) per 1% energy replaced2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Lipoprotein lipid | SFAs → CHO | SFAs → MUFAs | SFAs → PUFAs |
| Total-C | −0.041 (−0.047, −0.035) | −0.046 (−0.051, −0.040) | −0.064 (−0.070, −0.058) |
| LDL cholesterol | −0.033 (−0.039, −0.027) | −0.042 (−0.047, −0.037) | −0.055 (−0.061, −0.050) |
| HDL cholesterol | −0.010 (−0.012, −0.008) | −0.002 (−0.004, 0.000) | −0.005 (−0.006, −0.003) |
| Total-C/HDL cholesterol | 0.001 (−0.006, 0.007) | −0.027 (−0.033, −0.022) | −0.034 (−0.040, −0.028) |
| TGs | 0.011 (0.007, 0.014) | −0.004 (−0.007, −0.001) | −0.010 (−0.014, −0.007) |
1Data are from a 2016 WHO systematic review and regression analysis report by Mensink (63). CHO, carbohydrate; Total-C, total cholesterol.
2All mean changes were statistically significant (P < 0.05) with the exception of the change in TG from replacement of SFA with CHO. To convert cholesterol from mmol/L to mg/dL multiply by 38.7; to convert TG from mmol/L to mg/dL multiply by 88.6.