Table 2.
Lexical Access Scores by Sample
| CI Sample | NH Sample | t | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |||
| Lexical Decision Test Time (Seconds) | ||||
| Standard Condition Time | 110.8 (25.0) | 61.7 (6.0) | 5.7 | 0.001 |
| Verbal WM Condition Time | 130.5 (18.4) | 65.0 (12.4) | 8.8 | 0.001 |
| Interference Time | −19.7 (24.7) | −3.3 (11.9) | 1.8 | 0.046 |
| Lexical Decision Test Accuracy (% correct) | ||||
| Standard Condition Accuracy | 84.1 (12.8) | 95.9 (5.7) | 2.5 | 0.011 |
| Verbal WM Condition Accuracy | 81.1 (14.2) | 96.3 (3.1) | 3.1 | 0.004 |
| Digit Recall Accuracy | 90.0 (10.7) | 88.9 (14.5) | 1.4 | -----a |
| Rapid Automatized Picture Naming Test Time (Seconds) | ||||
| Standard Condition Time | 25.9 (5.1) | 21.0 (3.7) | 2.3 | 0.018 |
| Verbal WM Condition Time | 33.4 (8.4) | 26.3 (6.5) | 2.0 | 0.034 |
| Interference Time | −7.6 (5.6) | −5.3 (4.8) | 0.9 | 0.195 |
| Rapid Automatized Picture Naming Test Accuracy (% correct) | ||||
| Standard Condition Accuracy | 100 (0) | 100 (0) | --- | ----- |
| Verbal WM Condition Accuracy | 100 (0) | 99.6 (1.3) | 0.9 | 0.181 |
| Digit Recall Accuracy | 90.1 (7.0) | 94.4 (3.7) | 0.2 | 0.430 |
Note: CI=cochlear implant; NH=normal-hearing; WM=working memory. df for t-tests=16 for Lexical Decision Test and 15 for Rapid Automatized Picture Naming Test. All p-values are 1-tailed (CI>NH for time; CI<NH for interference and accuracy). Interference time is calculated by subtracting verbal WM condition time from standard condition time. Digit recall accuracy is the percentage of correct digits recalled in the verbal WM task (remembering the digit during the primary lexical access task; 30 digits for Lexical Decision Test or 5 digits for Rapid Automatized Picture Naming Test).
a
1-tailed p-value not reported because result was opposite of predicted direction