Table 1.
Characteristics of the blue-collar workers in DPhacto according to the pain groups. Continuous data are present as [mean (SD)], and frequencies are presented as [n (%)]
| Characteristics | All (n = 568) | Pain-free (n = 74) | Single-site pain (n = 136) | Multisite pain (n = 358) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 247 (43.5%) | 25 (33.8%) | 57 (41.9%) | 165 (46.1%) | 0.13 |
| Age, years | 45.3 (9.8) | 46.8 (10.3) | 45.0 (9.3) | 45.1 (9.8) | 0.39 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27.3 (4.7) | 27.2 (4.8) | 26.9 (4.8) | 27.5 (4.7) | 0.43 |
| Smokers | 161 (29.1%) | 18 (24.3%) | 40 (31.0%) | 103 (29.4%) | 0.58 |
| Alcohol, units/week | 4.5 (5.9) | 5.6 (7.2) | 3.9 (4.7) | 4.6 (6.0) | 0.15 |
| Use of medication | 234 (41.2%) | 25 (33.8%) | 42 (30.9%) | 167 (46.6%) | < 0.01 |
| Antihypertensive | 70 (12.3%) | 9 (12.2%) | 14 (10.3%) | 47 (13.1%) | 0.69 |
| Heart | 19 (3.3%) | 3 (4.1%) | 4 (2.9%) | 12 (3.4%) | 0.91 |
| Antidepressants | 18 (3.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (1.5%) | 16 (4.5%) | 0.06 |
| Analgesic | 108 (19.0%) | 7 (9.5%) | 14 (10.3%) | 87 (24.3%) | < 0.01 |
| Other | 128 (22.5%) | 14 (18.9%) | 28 (20.6%) | 86 (24.0%) | 0.52 |
| Occupational sector | 0.44 | ||||
| Cleaning | 109 (19.2%) | 11 (14.9%) | 31 (22.8%) | 67 (18.7%) | |
| Manufacturing | 410 (72.2%) | 57 (77.0%) | 97 (71.3%) | 256 (71.5%) | |
| Transportation | 49 (8.6%) | 6 (8.1%) | 8 (5.9%) | 35 (9.8%) | |
| MVPA work time, h/day | 1.3 (0.5) | 1.3 (0.5) | 1.3 (0.5) | 1.3 (0.5) | 0.95 |
| MVPA leisure time, h/day | 0.9 (0.3) | 0.9 (0.4) | 0.9 (0.4) | 0.8 (0.3) | 0.40 |
| Sitting work time, h/day | 2.5 (1.7) | 2.5 (1.7) | 2.5 (1.6) | 2.5 (1.8) | 0.95 |
| Sitting leisure time, h/day | 4.7 (1.3) | 4.7 (1.5) | 4.6 (1.3) | 4.7 (1.3) | 0.93 |
| Seniority, months | 13.4 (10.4) | 12.9 (10.2) | 13.1 (9.7) | 13.6 (10.7) | 0.80 |
| Lifting and carrying | 0.01 | ||||
| Almost all the time | 75 (13.3%) | 8 (10.8%) | 15 (11.1%) | 52 (14.6%) | |
| 3/4 of the time | 53 (9.4%) | 1 (1.4%) | 9 (6.7%) | 43 (12.0%) | |
| 1/2 of the time | 102 (18.0%) | 13 (17.6%) | 22 (16.3%) | 67 (18.8%) | |
| 1/4 of the time | 151 (26.7%) | 16 (21.6%) | 42 (31.1%) | 93 (26.1%) | |
| Rarely/very little | 157 (27.7%) | 32 (43.2%) | 37 (27.4%) | 88 (24.6%) | |
| Never | 28 (4.9%) | 4 (5.4%) | 10 (7.4%) | 14 (3.9%) | |
| Highest pain intensity, 0–10 | 5.5 (2.9) | 1.0 (1.2) | 4.2 (2.1) | 6.9 (2.1) | < 0.01 |
| Number of pain sites | 2.0 (1.2) | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.0 (0.0) | 2.8 (0.8) | < 0.01 |
DPhacto Danish Physical activity cohort with objective measurements, MVPA Moderate to vigorous physical activity