Table 2.
Univariate analysis of 16 criteria associated with presence versus absence of HAEC episodes.
| 16 Criteria | Number of patients (%) |
Odds ratio (95% CI) |
P- value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Distended abdomen | |||
| Yes | 36 (31.03) | 134.07 (27.46–654.53) |
<.001 |
| No | 80 (68.97) | 1 (Reference) | |
| Diarrhea with explosive stool | |||
| Yes | 28 (24.14) | 121.50 (15.36–961.06) |
<.001 |
| No | 88 (75.86) | 1 (Reference) | |
| Diarrhea with foul smelling stool | |||
| Yes | 27 (23.28) | 110.12 (13.95–869.21) |
<.001 |
| No | 89 (76.72) | 1 (Reference) | |
| Lethargy* | |||
| Yes | 23 (19.83) | 168.51 (21.71–21,732.18) |
<.001 |
| No | 93 (80.17) | 1 (Reference) | |
| Explosive discharge of gas and stool on rectal exam | |||
| Yes | 22 (18.97) | 68.73 (8.74–540.38) |
<.001 |
| No | 94 (81.03) | 1 (Reference) | |
| Fever | |||
| Yes | 22 (18.97) | 68.73 (8.74–540.38) |
<.001 |
| No | 94 (81.03) | 1 (Reference) | |
| Dilated loops of bowel on AXR | |||
| Yes | 18 (15.52) | 21.04 (4.53–97.67) |
<.001 |
| No | 98 (84.48) | 1 (Reference) | |
| Leukocytosis* | |||
| Yes | 15 (12.93) | 79.95 (10.16–10,330.11) |
<.001 |
| No | 101 (87.07) | 1 (Reference) | |
| Decreased peripheral perfusion* | |||
| Yes | 13 (11.21) | 65.07 (8.18–8421.86) |
<.001 |
| No | 103 (88.79) | 1 (Reference) | |
| Multiple air fluid levels | |||
| Yes | 10 (8.62) | 19.06 (2.32–156.55) |
0.006 |
| No | 106(91.38) | 1 (Reference) | |
| Previous history of suspected enterocolitis* | |||
| Yes | 9 (7.76) | 40.48 (4.89–5273.84) |
<.001 |
| No | 107 (92.24) | 1 (Reference; | |
| Left shift on complete blood count* | |||
| Yes | 9 (7.76) | 40.48 (4.89–5273.84) |
<.001 |
| No | 107 (92.24) | 1 (Reference) | |
| Diarrhea with bloody stool* | |||
| Yes | 3 (2.59) | 12.70 (1.19–1724.37) |
0.034 |
| No | 113 (97.41) | 1 (Reference) | |
| Cutoff sign in rectosigmoid region* | |||
| Yes | 2 (1.72) | 8.85 (0.70–1232.85) |
0.096 |
| No | 114(98.28) | 1 (Reference) | |
| Sawtooth appearance with irregular mucosal lining* | |||
| Yes | 1 (0.86) | 5.19 (0.27–764.08) |
0.274 |
| No | 115 (99.14) | 1 (Reference) | |
| Pneumatosis intestinalis* | |||
| Yes | 1 (0.86) | 5.19 (0.27–764.08) |
0.274 |
| No | 115 (99.14) | 1 (Reference) | |
*
Firth’s penalized maximum likelihood estimation along with profile-likelihood con-fidence interval and p-value from penalized likelihood ratio test [10,11] was reported to reduce bias in the parameter estimates since quasi-complete separation of data points was detected and the maximum likelihood estimate may not exist.