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. 2018 Sep 26;75(11):1137–1145. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.2556

Figure 2. Latent Structure of Psychopathology as Estimated Using Latent Bifactor Modeling.

Figure 2.

In this conceptual model, all domains of psychopathology are set to load onto general (P) and their specific internalizing (INT) and externalizing (EXT) factors simultaneously. These factors are forced to orthogonality during model estimation. At each age (8, 12, and 16 years), this model offered the best fit to the data, and the pattern of loadings was similar (results are presented in eTable 4 in Supplement 1). ADHD indicates attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.