Table 2. Characteristics of Naloxone Without a Physician’s Prescription in California Pharmaciesa.
| Characteristics | Estimate | P Valueb |
|---|---|---|
| Pharmacies offering pharmacist-furnished naloxone, No. (%) [95% CI] (n = 269) | ||
| Nasal naloxone offered | 225 (83.6) [78.7-87.9] | |
| Auto-injector offered | 19 (7.1) [4.3-10.8] | |
| Other formulations offeredc | 70 (26.0) [20.9-31.7] | |
| Nasal naloxone in stock | 136 (50.6) [44.4-56.7] | |
| Chain (n = 240) | 127 (52.3) [46.3-59.4] | .03 |
| Independent (n = 29) | 9 (31.0) [15.3-50.8] | |
| Able to bill insurance | 161 (59.9) [53.7-65.8] | |
| Chain (n = 240) | 143 (59.6) [53.1-65.8] | .64 |
| Independent (n = 29) | 18 (62.1) [42.3-79.3] | |
| Pharmacies providing cost information (n = 203) | ||
| Cash cost of nasal formulation, median (IQR), $ | 136 (123.5-146) | |
| Chain (n = 184) | 136 (120-143.5) | .04 |
| Independent (n = 19) | 150 (138.5-170) |
Abbreviation: IQR, interquartile range.
a
Survey questions: “What formulations of naloxone are available?”; “What is the cost if I want to pay cash?”; “Can you bill insurance for this?”; “Do you have Narcan nasal spray in stock right now?”
b
By Pearson χ2 test for independence.
c
Fourteen pharmacies (5.2% of 269) offered buprenorphine-naloxone combination products as a potential formulation option.