Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Patients in the Preprescription Authorization and the Postprescription Review With Feedback Groups
| Characteristic | Preprescription (n = 778) |
Postprescription (n = 730) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, median (IQR) | 59 (48–70) | 58 (45–69) | .10 |
| Female sex | 409 (52.6) | 362 (49.6) | .26 |
| Race | |||
| African American | 440 (56.6) | 422 (57.8) | .62 |
| White | 267 (34.3) | 239 (32.7) | .55 |
| Other | 71 (9.0) | 69 (9.3) | .86 |
| Preexisting medical conditions | |||
| Diabetes | 269 (34.6) | 224 (30.7) | .11 |
| Congestive heart failure with ejection fraction <40% | 101 (13.0) | 81 (11.1) | .26 |
| Structural lung disease | 196 (25.2) | 143 (19.6) | .01 |
| HIV | 17 (2.2) | 19 (2.6) | .62 |
| End-stage liver disease | 53 (6.8) | 39 (5.3) | .23 |
| End-stage renal disease requiring dialysis | 56 (7.2) | 51 (7.0) | .92 |
| Chronic corticosteroid use and/or immunomodulator therapy | 77 (9.9) | 54 (7.4) | .10 |
| Solid organ transplant | 31 (4.0) | 32 (4.4) | .70 |
| Chemotherapy within 6 mo | 24 (3.1) | 23 (3.2) | 1.00 |
| Length of stay from hospital admission until study enrollment, median (IQR)a | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | .71 |
| ICU admission during current hospitalization prior to study enrollment | 102 (13.1) | 97 (13.3) | .94 |
| Surgery during current hospitalization prior to study enrollment | 11 (1.4) | 16 (2.2) | .33 |
| McCabe classification, median (IQR) | 3 (2–3) | 3 (2–3) | .46 |
| Number of SIRS criteria on day of study enrollment, median (IQR) | 2 (1–2) | 2 (1–2) | .32 |
Data are presented as No. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range; SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome.
aStudy enrollment is defined as day 1 of antibiotic prescription in the study unit.