Table 1.

Research priorities to achieve 90-90-90 for pregnant and postpartum women in sub-Saharan Africa

First 90

•Identify approaches to detecting acute HIV infection in pregnancy and postpartum periods •Determine structural- and individual-level barriers to repeat testing in late pregnancy and breastfeeding periods •Evaluate strategies to ensure universal uptake of antenatal services, including HIV testing •Develop innovative testing approaches to identify HIV-positive pregnant/postpartum women in lower HIV-prevalence regions

Second 90
•Further understand barriers to ART uptake and retention in care •Assess interventions to improve ART uptake and retention in care •Explore optimal models of integrated HIV and maternal and child health services •Evaluate differentiated models of care for pregnant and postpartum women on ART •Develop strategies to identify and mitigate ART-associated adverse birth outcomes

Third 90

•Promote research, country and programme reporting of viral load outcomes during pregnancy and breastfeeding •Evaluate interventions that promote sustained adherence to ART, focused on postpartum period •Determine optimal timing and frequency of viral load monitoring in pregnancy and postpartum •Evaluate biomedical and behavioural approaches designed to achieve rapid viral suppression during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Early infant diagnosis of HIV for HIV-exposed infants
•Evaluate integrated approaches to ensure universal uptake of early infant diagnosis •Optimise retention, through the breastfeeding period, of exposed infants •Establish best strategies to incorporate birth testing and point-of-care EID technologies •Develop HIV testing approaches for infants of women with acute infection during breastfeeding