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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Psychopharmacol. 2018 Apr 30;32(7):779–792. doi: 10.1177/0269881118769063

Table 2.

Proportion of sample using each substance in the past three months, and the average number of days using alcohol and other substances in the past three months in total sample and each substance specific subsample

Scale Proportion
Total sample
n=515
%
Mean
Total sample
n=515a
M(SD)
Synthetic

n=284b
M(SD)
Toad

n=148c
M(SD)
Plant Extract/Yopo

n=83d
M(SD)
F Post-hoc
Alcohol 77% 16.22 (23.59) 16.96
(24.06)
14.33 (21.72) 16.94
(25.13)
0.63
MDMA/ecstasy 32 0.80 (4.27) 0.65 (1.47) 0.51 (1.15) 1.76 (10.21) 2.49
Cocaine 23 1.06 (5.09) 1.24 (5.88) 0.67 (3.91) 1.07 (3.66) 0.57
Methamphetamine 21 2.67 (11.74) 2.73 (11.25) 1.86 (10.73) 3.95 (14.88) 0.76
Marijuana/Cannabis 78 34.22 (37.43) 37.11
(38.37)
24.33 (32.77) 41.60
(38.82)
7.43** S = P > T
Synthetic Cannabinoids 9 0.09 (0.98) 0.09 (0.97) 0.01 (0.09) 0.25 (1.65) 1.49
Mushrooms/Psilocybin 41 1.22 (4.63) 1.07 (5.66) 1.19 (1.98) 1.80 (3.78) 0.73
Ayahuasca 19 0.52 (3.19) 0.36 (3.70) 0.87 (2.70) 0.48 (1.62) 1.12
DMT 34 1.37 (5.29) 1.16 (4.02) 1.05 (2.58) 2.67 (10.34) 2.77
San Pedro 15 0.14 (0.83) 0.05 (0.21) 0.25 (1.39) 0.31 (0.90) 4.43* NS
Peyote 13 0.11 (0.67) 0.06 (0.34) 0.09 (0.34) 0.32 (1.49) 4.43* S < P
Iboga/Ibogaine 10 0.08 (0.81) 0.06 (0.92) 0.10 (0.66) 0.08 (0.59) 0.09
LSD/Acid 44 1.87 (5.56) 1.58 (3.19) 1.82 (7.56) 3.00 (7.78) 1.92
Other psychedelics 25 0.60 (1.98) 0.69 (2.21) 0.14 (0.43) 1.07 (2.53) 5.86** S = P > T
Psychedelic Res. Chem. 25 0.76 (3.13) 1.09 (3.88) 0.11 (0.58) 0.66 (2.41) 4.39* S > T
Opioid Res. Chem. 11 0.07 (0.60) 0.08 (0.73) 0.02 (0.26) 0.10 (0.51) 0.47
Benzo Res. Chem. 18 1.09 (5.86) 1.61 (7.49) 0.13 (0.96) 0.86 (3.15) 2.89
Dissociative Res. Chem. 16 0.67 (4.52) 0.90 (5.29) 0.04 (0.26) 0.93 (5.32) 1.72
Stimulant Res. Chem. 14 0.35 (2.01) 0.51 (2.54) 0.14 (0.94) 0.07 (0.35) 2.33
Synthetic Cathinones 13 0.23 (1.71) 0.37 (2.24) 0.02 (0.26) 0.04 (0.20) 2.34
Street Opioids 16 1.06 (7.43) 1.33 (9.26) 0.67 (4.15) 0.69 (2.51) 0.44
Prescription Opioids 29 4.15 (15.37) 4.12 (14.95) 2.41 (10.75) 7.38 (22.26) 2.40
Prescription Stimulants 25 4.37 (15.80) 4.79 (16.32) 2.01 (10.64) 6.94 (20.41) 2.47
Tobacco 56 25.12 (36.99) 23.72
(36.12)
19.92 (34.46) 40.10
(41.28)
7.50** S = T < P
Benzos 35 4.57 (14.07) 6.28 (16.71) 0.84 (3.22) 4.79 (13.88) 6.67** S > T
Ketamine 23 0.97 (5.40) 1.40 (6.89) 0.37 (2.24) 0.46 (1.65) 2.00
Inhalants 16 0.35 (2.01) 0.46 (2.55) 0.04 (0.26) 0.48 (1.26) 2.07
PCP 11 0.25 (4.10) 0.36 (5.36) 0.09 (0.88) 0.17 (0.88) 0.21

Note. When the standard deviation is greater than the mean the data is skewed do to a large proportion of zeros.

Abbreviations: Res. Chem. = Research Chemicals; PCP = Phencyclidine; Benzo = Benzodiazapine; LSD = Lysergic acid diethylamide; DMT = Dimethyltryptamine; MDMA = 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine

*

p < 0.05;

**

p < 0.01;

***

p < 0.001;

a

range 466-505

b

range 267-282

c

range 126-141

d

range 70-82