Table 2. Main characteristics of included studies.
| Author/Year and Country | Evaluation criteria | Operators -Training | Examiners—blinding | Follow-up | Drop-out (%) | Success rate or Caries lesion arrestment (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Louw et al., 2002 (South Africa) | ART criteria | 5 trained dentists—n/m | 2 —n/m | 1 year | 19.9 | ART (HVGIC and Compomer) HVGIC (O): 96 (OP): 73 Compomer: (O): 98 (OP): 78 |
CRT (HVGIC e Compomer) HVGIC (O): 94 (OP): 78 Compomer: (O): 98 (OP): 79 |
|
| Taifour et al., 2002 (Syria) | ART criteria | 8 dentists—three days of training | 3 —n/m | 3 years | 22.1 | ART (HVGIC) (O): 86.1 (OP): 48.7 |
CRT (AM) (O): 79.6 (OP): 42.9 |
|
| Honkala et al., 2003 (Kuwait) | ART criteria and USPHS | 2 dentists—training with expert | 2 –blinding not possible | 1 year 2 years |
17 | ART (HVGIC) 1 year (O): 100 (OP): 100 2 years (O): 92.3 (OP): 88.9 |
CRT (AM) 1 year (O): 100 (OP): 100 2 years (O): 92 (OP): 100 |
|
| Yu et al., 2004 (China) | ART criteria | 2 experienced dentists—n/m | 2 —n/m | 6 months 1 year 2 years |
42 | ART (HVGIC) 6 months (O): 100 (OP): 82.8 1 year (O): 94.3 (OP): 65.3 2 years (O): 91.4 (OP): 52 |
CRT (AM) 6 months (O): 100 1 year (O): 100 2 years (O): 88.9 |
CRT (HVGIC) 6 months (O): 97.8 (OP): 100 1 year (O): 89.8 (OP): 100 2 years (O): 89.8 (OP): 84.6 |
| van den Dungen et al., 2004 (Indonesia) | ART criteria | 2 dentists and 2 undergraduation student—trained for 1 week | 10 trained and calibrated undergraduation students—blind | 3 years | 41.7 | ART (HVGIC) 31.0 |
CRT (HVGIC) 33.6 |
|
| Roberts et al., 2005 (United Kingdom) | In according to the dentist’s assessment | 1 dentist—n/m | 1 –not blind (same operator) | Until 7 years | 10.2 | CRT (RMGIC) 97.3 |
SSC 97.0 |
|
| Ersin et al., 2006 (Turkey) | USPHS Ryge criteria | 3 dentists—n/m | 2 trained and calibrated—blind | 6 months 1 year 2 years |
17.8 | ART (HVGIC) 6 months (O): 100 (OP): 90.2 1 year (O): 100 (OP): 83.1 2 years (O): 96.7 (OP): 76.1 |
CRT (RC) 6 months (O): 100 (OP): 92.3 1 year (O): 98 (OP): 87.5 2 years (O): 91 (OP): 82 |
|
| Innes et al., 2011 (Scotland) | Innes et al., (2007) criteria | 17 trained dentists—n/m | 17 dentists—not blind (same operator) | Until 5 years | 31 | CRT (Usual treatment) 52 |
HT 92 |
|
| Mijan et al., 2014 (Brazil) | PUFA index | 3 trained pediatric dentists—n/m | 2 trained and calibrated pediatric dentists—n/m | 6 months 1 year 2 years 3 years 3.5 years |
12.2 | ART (HVGIC) 6 months (OP): 100 1 year (OP): 97.7 2 years (OP): 93.1 3 years (OP): 93.4 3.5 years (OP): 88.0 |
CRT (AM) 6 months (OP): 99.2 1 year (OP): 96.9 2 years (OP): 92.4 3 years (OP): 91.2 3.5 years (OP): 89.0 |
UCT 6 months (OP): 100 1 year (OP): 95.7 2 years (OP): 88.0 3 years (OP): 88.0 3.5 years (OP): 88.0 |
| Santamaria et al., 2014 (Germany) | Innes et al., (2007) criteria | 12 trained dentists—n/m | 2 trained experienced pediatric dentists—n/m | 1 year | 12.4 | CRT (Compomer) 71 |
HT 98 |
NRCT 75 |
| Borges et al., 2012 (Brazil) | Criteria reported by Aguilar et al., (2007) | 1 trained and experienced dentists—n/m | 1 experienced and calibrated—n/m | 1 year | 13.3 | Sealing (RS) 91.6 |
CRT (RC) 100 |
|
| Hesse et al., 2014 (Brazil) | Criteria reported by Houpt et al., (1983) | 1 trained undergraduation student– 1 week of training in patients | 1 trained—n/m | 6 months 1 year 1.5 years |
5.6 | Sealing (RS) 6 months: 87.5 1 year: 75.0 1.5 years: 64.7 |
CRT (RC) 6 months: 100 1 year: 100 1.5 years: 100 |
|
| Santos et al., 2012 (Brazil) | Based on Miller (1959) and Kidd (2010) | 1 trained dentist—n/m | 1—blinding not possible | 6 months 1 year |
6.7 | IRT (HVGIC) 6 months: 53.1 1 year: 38.6 |
SDF (30%) 6 months: 84.7 1 year: 66.9 |
|
| Zhi et al., 2012 (China) | Visual and tactile characteristics of caries lesion arrestment | 2 trained dentists—n/m | 1—blind | 6 months 1 year 1.55 years 2 years |
15 | SDF 1x (38%) 6 months: 31.5 1 year: 37.0 1.5 years: 77.2 2 years: 79.2 |
SDF 2x (38%) 6 months: 43.3 1 year: 53.0 1.5 years: 82.9 2 years: 90.7 |
LVGIC 6 months: 31.3 1 years: 28.6 1.5 years: 73.1 2 years: 81.8 |
| Duangthip et al., 2016 (China) | Visual and tactile characteristics of caries lesion arrestment | 1 dentist—n/m | 1—blind | 6 months 1 year 1.5 years |
9.0 | SDF 1x (30%) 6 months: 18 1 year: 20 1.5 years: 40 |
SDF 3x (30%) 6 months: 31 1 year: 28 1.5 years: 35 |
NaF 5% 6 months: 10 1 year: 13 1.5 years: 27 |
Abbreviations: RCT: Randomized Clinical Trial; OP: occlusoproximal; O: occlusal; ART: Atraumatic restorative treatment; CRT: Conventional restorative treatment; SSC: Stainless steel crown; NRCT: Nonrestorative caries treatment; UCT: Ultraconservative treatment; HT: Hall technique; IRT: Interim restorative treatment; SDF: Silver diamine fluoride; LVGIC: Low-viscosity glass ionomer cement; NaF: Sodium fluoride; RS: resin sealant; HVGIC: High-viscosity glass ionomer cement; RC: Resin composite; AM: Amalgam; RMGIC: Resin-modified glass ionomer cement; USPHS: US Public Health Service criteria; PUFA: Index of clinical consequences of untreated dental caries; n/m: Not mentioned.