Supplementary Table 4. Adjusted cost difference in cardiovascular-related inpatient and outpatient costs al by lipid goal attainments.
| Cardiovascular-related inpatient cost (HKD) |
Cardiovascular-related outpatient cost (HKD) |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Adjusted Coefficient* | Lower limit for 95% CI | Lower limit for 95% CI | p-value | Adjusted Coefficient* | Lower limit for 95% CI | Lower limit for 95% CI | p-value | |
| Full sample | |||||||||
| Endpoint LDL-C achieving the goal of mmol/L 2.6 | 4638 | ||||||||
| Not at goal | 950 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| At goal | 3688 | 6563.44 | 3567.08 | 9559.81 | < 0.001 | 404.88 | −764.31 | 1574.07 | 0.497 |
| Endpoint LDL-C achieving the goal of mmol/L 1.8 | 4638 | ||||||||
| Not at goal | 2962 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| At goal | 1676 | 4583.37 | 921.54 | 8245.20 | 0.01 | 784.66 | −106.42 | 1675.74 | 0.084 |
| Endpoint LDL-C achieving the goal of mmol/L 2.0 | 4638 | ||||||||
| Not at goal | 2382 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| At goal | 2256 | 5343.24 | 2032.67 | 8653.81 | 0.002 | 674.53 | −174.16 | 1523.21 | 0.119 |
| Endpoint LDL-C achieving the reduction of 50% | 4182 | ||||||||
| Not at goal | 3549 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| At goal | 633 | 7821.31 | 1379.81 | 14262.81 | 0.02 | −48.28 | −1176.01 | 1079.44 | 0.933 |
| Endpoint LDL-C category | 4638 | ||||||||
| > 2.6 mmol/L | 950 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| 1.8–2.6 mmol/L | 2012 | −2815.61 | −6868.01 | 1236.78 | 0.173 | −780.33 | −1694.82 | 134.16 | 0.094 |
| < 1.8 mmol/L | 1676 | −8168.68 | −12054.67 | −4282.69 | 0.00 | −797.55 | −2091.59 | 496.49 | 0.227 |
| Analyzed sample | |||||||||
| Latest LDL-C before MACE achieving the goal of 2.6 mmol/L | 4625 | ||||||||
| Not at goal | 947 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| At goal | 3678 | 4640.73 | 1550.45 | 7731.00 | 0.003 | 310.31 | −854.52 | 1475.14 | 0.602 |
| Latest LDL-C before MACE achieving the goal of 1.8 mmol/L | 4625 | ||||||||
| Not at goal | 2950 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| At goal | 1675 | 3026.64 | −574.43 | 6627.71 | 0.10 | 698.51 | −205.20 | 1602.23 | 0.130 |
| Latest LDL-C before MACE achieving the goal of 2.0 mmol/L | 4625 | ||||||||
| Not at goal | 2374 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| At goal | 2251 | 3177.62 | −121.41 | 6476.64 | 0.059 | 569.77 | −286.25 | 1425.79 | 0.192 |
| Latest LDL-C before MACE achieving the reduction of 50% | 4180 | ||||||||
| Not at goal | 3547 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| At goal | 633 | 6407.96 | −189.79 | 13005.72 | 0.06 | −556.08 | −1639.01 | 526.85 | 0.314 |
| Latest LDL-C before MACE category | 4625 | ||||||||
| > 2.6 mmol/L | 947 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| 1.8–2.6 mmol/L | 2003 | 3939.56 | 402.93 | 7476.19 | 0.029 | −34.05 | −1246.45 | 1178.34 | 0.956 |
| < 1.8 mmol/L | 1675 | 5625.88 | 1740.87 | 9510.88 | < 0.001 | 679.57 | −617.86 | 1977.01 | 0.305 |
| Among those baseline LDL-C > 2.6 mmol/L | |||||||||
| Endpoint LDL-C achieving the goal of 2.6 mmol/L | 2179 | ||||||||
| Not at goal | 549 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| At goal | 1630 | 7425.07 | 3397.85 | 11452.29 | < 0.001 | −522.06 | −2070.39 | 1026.28 | 0.509 |
| Endpoint LDL-C achieving the goal of 1.8 mmol/L | 2179 | ||||||||
| Not at goal | 1512 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| At goal | 5010.12 | −258.74 | 10278.98 | 0.062 | 317.90 | −860.70 | 1496.49 | 0.597 | |
| Endpoint LDL-C achieving the goal of 2.0 mmol/L | 2179 | ||||||||
| Not at goal | 1250 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| At goal | 929 | 6119.90 | 1068.21 | 11171.58 | 0.02 | 251.80 | −853.84 | 1357.44 | 0.655 |
| Endpoint LDL-C achieving the reduction of 50% | 2179 | ||||||||
| Not at goal | 1577 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| At goal | 602 | 8597.60 | 2094.39 | 15100.81 | 0.01 | 288.93 | −923.39 | 1501.25 | 0.640 |
| Endpoint LDL-C category | 2179 | ||||||||
| > 2.6 mmol/L | 549 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| 1.8–2.6 mmol/L | 963 | −2348.39 | −8314.18 | 3617.40 | 0.44 | −616.14 | −1796.81 | 564.54 | 0.306 |
| < 1.8 mmol/L | 660 | −8779.03 | −14217.25 | −3340.82 | 0.002 | 131.12 | −1569.10 | 1831.34 | 0.880 |
| Latest LDL-C before MACE achieving the goal of 2.6 mmol/L | 2177 | ||||||||
| Not at goal | 585 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| At goal | 1592 | 3885.39 | −384.12 | 8154.91 | 0.074 | −878.64 | −2371.55 | 614.28 | 0.249 |
| Latest LDL-C before MACE achieving the goal of 1.8 mmol/L | 2177 | ||||||||
| Not at goal | 1535 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| At goal | 642 | 3319.74 | −2132.71 | 8772.18 | 0.23 | 161.66 | −1008.74 | 1332.06 | 0.787 |
| Latest LDL-C before MACE achieving the goal of 2.0 mmol/L | 2177 | ||||||||
| Not at goal | 1275 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| At goal | 903 | 4957.06 | −163.92 | 10078.04 | 0.058 | 193.57 | −915.19 | 1302.34 | 0.732 |
| Latest LDL-C before MACE achieving the reduction of 50% | 2177 | ||||||||
| Not at goal | 1603 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| At goal | 574 | 6942.93 | 231.22 | 13654.65 | 0.04 | −202.58 | −1382.28 | 977.12 | 0.736 |
| Latest LDL-C before MACE category | 2177 | ||||||||
| > 2.6 mmol/L | 585 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| 1.8–2.6 mmol/L | 950 | 3250.41 | −1686.73 | 8187.55 | 0.197 | −1086.36 | −2671.65 | 498.94 | 0.179 |
| < 1.8 mmol/L | 642 | 5005.76 | −774.48 | 10786.01 | 0.09 | −485.87 | −2131.76 | 1160.02 | 0.563 |
MACE indicates major adverse cardiovascular events; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HKD, Hong Kong Dollars; Ref, reference; CI, confidence interval.
*
Adjusted for age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, and prior cardiovascular history