Table 3.
Matrix chart of coping responses to food insecurity according to the domains of the sociotype and dimensions of food security.
| Twin-track approach | Dimension/sociotype domain | Availability | Accessibility | Utilization | Stability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| To address immediate food requirements | Context (National) | 1. Food aid (e.g., Food bank) | 1. School feeding programs 2. Consume next season's seed stock 3. Cultural: gender role change; eat food that used to be culturally/religiously unacceptable |
1. Provide safe and clean water | |
| Relationships (Household, Family, Community) | 1. Small scale irrigation programs | 1. Purchase food on credit (34) 2. Borrow food, or rely on help from a friend/relative (34) 3. Restrict consumption by adults in favor of small children/seniors 3. Feed according to working members of HH (34) 4. Send children to eat with neighbors (34) 5. Send household members to beg (34) |
1. Food Storage (35) 2. Limit portion sizes at mealtimes |
||
| Individual | 1. Food stocks at home (35) 2. Gather wild food, hunt |
1. Ration the money to buy prepared food 2. Rely on less tasty andexpensive foods (34) |
1. Physiological responses for dealing with semi-starvation (thyroid, adrenal and autonomic nervous systems) | 1. Reduce number of meals eaten in a day 2. Periodic fasts |
|
| To improve long term food security | Context (National) | 1. Establish rural institutions and collective power (Israel Kibbutzim) (36) 2. Ensure access to land (1978 China rural land reform).(36) 3. Asset creation (37) 4. Agricultural Trade Policies (36) |
Physical: 1. Invest in rural infrastructure, transport and revive markets (36) Economic: 1. Public work programs (36, 38) 2. Social safety nets (38) 3. Food Stamps 4. Feeding programs (e.g., Brazil) (38) |
1. Improve sanitation, health care and education (e.g., latrine construction) 2. Birth Control Programs 3. Ensure food safety e.g., laws and regulations |
1. Diversify agriculture and employment (36) 2. Revive access to credit system and saving mechanisms (36) 3. Reinforce infrastructure (36) 4. Insurance scheme for people and assets (36) 5. General price subsidies (lower than market price) 6. Savings and Loan Policies (36) 7. Micro Financing (36) |
| Relationships (Community) | Breast Feeding Coaching Pregnancy Banks | 1. Immunization programs | 1.Mutual insurance 2. Community Planning Committees |
||
| Individual | 1. Increase livelihood options (35) 2. Improve working capacity or working skills to increase income (35) |
1. Proper food storage and processing | 1. Seed reserves |