Table 1.

Summary of the Episodes of EVD Re-Emergence From Persistently Infected Survivors

Flare-up	Country	Date of Confirmation of Index Case	Size of Cluster	Days After Ebola-Free Declaration	Months From ETU Release (Recovery) of Survivor	Most Suspected Body Fluid	Route of Transmission	Virus Isolation	Reference
1	Liberia	March 20, 2015	1	N/A	5	Semen	Sex	Unsuccessful	[11]
2	Liberia	June 29, 2015	7	51	10c	Unidentified	Possibly sex	N/A	[30]
3	Guinea	August 25, 2015	1	N/A	Unknown	Breast milk	Mother-to-child	Unattempted	[15]
4aa	Sierra Leone	August 29, 2015	6 (total)	N/A	1.5	Semen	Sex	Unknown	[5]
4ba	Sierra Leone	September 3, 2015				Semen	Close contact with body fluids		[5]
5	Guinea	October 13, 2015	1	N/A	11.5	Semen	Close contact with body fluids	Unattempted	[31]
6	Liberia	November 22, 2015	3	80	Unknown	Unidentified	Unidentified	Unknown	[32, 33]
7	Sierra Leone	January 14, 2016	2	68	14c	Unidentified	Unidentified	N/A	[34]
8b	Guinea (Liberia)	March 16, 2016 (April 1, 2016)	10 3	78 (78)	17	Semen	Sex	Unattempted	[35]

Abbreviations: EBOV, Ebola virus; ETU, Ebola treatment unit; EVD, EBOV disease; N/A, not applicable.

^aThis flare-up is subdivided into 2 because the same survivor is likely to have simultaneously infected 2 relatives (ie, 2 index cases).

^bLiberia is in brackets because EVD reappearance in the country was not due to EBOV transmission from persistently infected survivor but EVD cases from the Guinean cluster moving to Liberia.

^cThe persistently infected survivor could not be identified: the number of months refers to the time between the dates of EBOV confirmation of the sample with closest EBOV sequence and the sample of the index case.