Table 1.
Intensive care units (ICU) characteristics – data from all ICUs (n = 639**) and from the core group (n = 90) from two time points year 2006 and year 2015
| Characteristics/ Outcomes | Total ICUs (n = 639**) | Core Group (n = 90) | Core group (n = 90) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2006 (n = 223) | 2015 (n = 506) | 2006 (n = 90) | 2015 (n = 90) | Diff. 2015–2006 | p-value* | |
| Size of ICU | ||||||
| ICU beds, median (IQR) | 11 (8–14) | 12 (9–16) | 11 (9–14) | 11 (9–14) | – | – |
| ICU > =12 beds, N (%) | 100 (44.8) | 285 (56.3) | 50 (55.6) | 50 (55.6) | ||
| Type of ICU, N (%) | ||||||
| Surgical | 40 (17.9) | 77 (15.2) | 15 (16.7) | 15 (16.7) | ||
| Interdisciplinary | 108 (48.4) | 285 (56.3) | 41 (45.6) | 41 (45.6) | ||
| Medical | 47 (21.1) | 73 (14.4) | 21 (23.2) | 21 (23.2) | ||
| Neurosurgical | 4 (1.8) | 9 (1.8) | 2 (2.2) | 2 (2.2) | ||
| Neurological | 4 (1.8) | 11 (2.2) | 2 (2.2) | 2 (2.2) | ||
| Pediatric | 7 (3.1) | 9 (1.8) | 3 (3.3) | 3 (3.3) | ||
| othera | 13 (5.8) | 42 (8.3) | 6 (6.7) | 6 (6.7) | ||
| Size of hospital | ||||||
| Hospital beds, median (IQR | 490 (274–841) | 431 (270–724) | 511 (289–890) | 511 (289–890) | – | – |
| Hospital > = 600 beds, N (%) | 85 (38.5) | 174 (34.4) | 36 (40.0) | 36 (40.0) | ||
| Type of hospital | ||||||
| Tertiary hospital, N (%) | 67 (30.0) | 130 (25.7) | 41 (45.6) | 41 (45.6) | ||
| Patients, median (IQR) | 741 (506–1036) | 814.5 (492–1191) | 763.5 (489–1053) | 722 (434–1112) | – | – |
| Patient days, median (IQR) | 2744 (1854-3643) | 3245 (2183-4365) | 2744 (1915-3624) | 3028 (2153-4215) | – | – |
| CLABSI ratec, median (IQR) | 0.6 (0.0–1.3) | 0.5 (0.0–1.2) | 0.8 (0–1.9) | 0.2 (0–0.9) | − 0.01 (− 1.14–0.02) | 0.001 |
| Blood culture densitya, median (IQR) | 60.0 (32.6–107.9) | 115.4 (67.6–177.4) | 57.8 (29.8–101.2) | 128.2 (71.6–183.2) | 54.8 (1.6–119.1) | 0.001 |
| Length of stay, median (IQR) | 3.6 (2.7–5.2) | 3.8 (3–5.5) | 3.6 (2.8–5.5) | 4.2 (2.9–6.2) | 0.3 (−0.5–1.3) | 0.025 |
| CVC useb, median (IQR) | 67.3 (49.5–82.1) | 66.6 (52.9–80.4) | 70.8 (54.2–83.7) | 69.0 (57.7–82.7) | 0.6 (−6.3–8) | 0.672 |
| Invasive ventilation use b, median (IQR) | 34.1 (22.7–49.9) | 36.8 (26.1–50.4) | 35.3 (21.9–52.0) | 37.1 (26.5–55.6) | 3.1 (− 6.4–10.3) | 0.078 |
| Urinary tract catheters use b, median (IQR) | 81.3 (70.5–91.5) | 85.4 (75.5–92.0) | 83.7 (71.6–93.0) | 86.7 (78.2–92.4) | 2.5 (−2.8–10.0) | 0.003 |
Abbreviations: Diff difference, IQR interquartile range, CVC central venous catheter, CLABSI central-line-associated bloodstream infection
*Wilcoxon-rank-sum test for paired sample; ** 90 ICUs collected data in 2006 and 2015
aper 1000 patient days
bper 100 patient days
cper 1000 CVC-days