Figure 4.

Antiviral and proinflammatory cytokine mRNA induction during IAV infection. Mice were intranasally infected with 300 pfu of the IAV PR8 strain. Mock-treated mice were inoculated with PBS. At the indicated time points, the mice were sacrificed and lung tissues were collected for RNA extraction. IFN and cytokine mRNA levels were assessed by qRT-PCR and normalized to β-actin. Data are expressed as means ± SEM of fold increase (n ≥ 3 per group). ^∗ denotes significant difference compared to the PR8 infected WT group, p < 0.05. p value was calculated from the ΔΔCt values from different experimental groups.