Figure 2.

Renal Klotho messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels are reduced in mice subjected to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Renal mRNA expression of Klotho and renal damage marker neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in control and LPS-challenged (0.05 mg/kg intraperitoneal) mice killed at the indicated time points after LPS administration. mRNA expression levels were determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction using glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as the housekeeping gene. Each dot represents an individual mouse. Bars represent the mean ± sd. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.005, ***p < 0.001.