TABLE 5.
Multivariable Analysis of Pain Requiring Treatment on 1-year Follow-up
| Parameter | P | Category | P Paired | OR Estimate | 95% CI | |
| Sex | <0.001 | Female vs male | 1.706 | 1.374 | 2.118 | |
| Age [10-yr OR] | <0.001 | 0.818 | 0.751 | 0.890 | ||
| Preoperative pain | <0.001 | Unknown vs yes | 0.145 | 0.753 | 0.514 | 1.103 |
| Unknown vs no | 0.344 | 1.221 | 0.807 | 1.848 | ||
| Yes vs no | <0.001 | 1.621 | 1.272 | 2.067 | ||
| Mesh type | 0.013 | PhysioMesh vs other meshes | 1.321 | 1.060 | 1.648 | |
| EHS classification | 0.019 | Lateral vs combined | 0.022 | 1.651 | 1.076 | 2.533 |
| Lateral vs medial | 0.011 | 1.410 | 1.083 | 1.837 | ||
| Combined vs medial | 0.414 | 0.854 | 0.586 | 1.247 | ||
| Mesh size [10-point OR] | 0.045 | 1.005 | 1.000 | 1.011 | ||
| Fixation | 0.169 | Suture vs nonabsorbable tacks + suture | 0.650 | 0.867 | 0.468 | 1.606 |
| Suture vs absorbable tacks + suture | 0.175 | 1.399 | 0.862 | 2.273 | ||
| Suture vs nonabsorbable tacks | 0.196 | 1.566 | 0.794 | 3.088 | ||
| Suture vs absorbable tacks | 0.179 | 1.379 | 0.863 | 2.202 | ||
| Nonabsorbable tacks + suture vs absorbable tacks + suture | 0.043 | 1.614 | 1.016 | 2.565 | ||
| Nonabsorbable tacks + suture vs nonabsorbable tacks | 0.081 | 1.806 | 0.930 | 3.509 | ||
| Nonabsorbable tacks + suture vs absorbable tacks | 0.042 | 1.591 | 1.018 | 2.486 | ||
| Absorbable tacks + suture vs nonabsorbable tacks | 0.688 | 1.119 | 0.647 | 1.934 | ||
| Absorbable tacks + suture vs absorbable tacks | 0.901 | 0.985 | 0.781 | 1.243 | ||
| Nonabsorbable tacks vs absorbable tacks | 0.640 | 0.881 | 0.517 | 1.499 | ||
| ASA score | 0.285 | III/IV vs II | 0.330 | 1.127 | 0.886 | 1.432 |
| III/IV vs I | 0.118 | 1.397 | 0.919 | 2.124 | ||
| II vs I | 0.256 | 1.240 | 0.856 | 1.797 | ||
| Recurrent operation | 0.333 | Yes vs no | 1.127 | 0.885 | 1.435 | |
| Defect closure | 0.645 | Yes vs no | 1.059 | 0.830 | 1.351 | |
| WHO obesity classification | 0.709 | Obesity vs overweight | 0.319 | 1.130 | 0.889 | 1.436 |
| Obesity vs normal weight | 0.916 | 0.985 | 0.738 | 1.313 | ||
| Obesity vs underweight | 0.681 | 1.362 | 0.312 | 5.944 | ||
| Overweight vs normal weight | 0.371 | 0.872 | 0.645 | 1.177 | ||
| Overweight vs underweight | 0.804 | 1.206 | 0.275 | 5.296 | ||
| Normal weight vs underweight | 0.669 | 1.384 | 0.313 | 6.116 | ||
| Defect size | 0.711 | W3 (≥10 cm) vs W2 (≥4–10 cm) | 0.427 | 1.137 | 0.828 | 1.560 |
| W3 (≥10 cm) vs W1 (<4 cm) | 0.451 | 1.150 | 0.799 | 1.655 | ||
| W2 (≥4–10 cm) vs W1 (<4 cm) | 0.922 | 1.012 | 0.797 | 1.284 | ||
| Risk factors | 0.767 | Yes vs no | 0.967 | 0.777 | 1.204 | |
ASA indicates American Society of Anesthesiologist; EHS, European Hernia Society; WHO, World Health Organization.