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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biotechnol Adv. 2018 Sep 12;36(8):2051–2059. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.09.001

Figure 3. Impact of MSC passage and seeding density on EV production and vascular bioactivity.

Figure 3.

(A) EVs were isolated from MSCs at P2, P3, P4, and P5 were seeded at 1E2, 5E2, 1E3, 1E4 cells/cm2. For MSCs at all passages, increase in EV production is observed per cell with decreasing seeding densities. Statistical significance was calculated using two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test (* p<0.05, ** p<0.01). Vascular bioactivity of EVs from different densities (B) and different passages (C) was analyzed using a gap closure assay with endothelial cells. (B) No significant difference in gap closure was observed for EVs from MSCs seeded at 1E2 and 1E4 cells/cm2. (C) Bioactivity of EVs significantly diminishes with increasing passage. Data are representative of three independent experiments with three replicates each (n = 3). Statistical significance was calculated using two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test (* p<0.05, ** p<0.01, **** p<0.0001). Figure reprinted from Patel et al., 2017 via open access.