Fig. 11.

A Conceptual illustration of hybrid scaffolds in which it is composed of two different components: housing framework and bioactive filler. B–D are the examples of collagen-based hybrid scaffolds. B PLGA mesh (left figure) was furnished with collagen web to form hybrid scaffold (right figure). C 3D printed PLGA (left figure) was used as housing framework for collagen sponges to obtain hybrid scaffold (right figure). D Appearance of hybrid scaffold of nanofibers type I/II collagen (left figure) and the corresponding internal structure (right figure).

(Parts of figure are adapted, with permission, from [177] B, [178] C and [179] D)