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. 2018 Nov 22;8:17252. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-35092-1

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Most complete gene knockouts of fitness-relevant genes have pleiotropic effects, i.e., they affect the production of multiple biomass components. For some genes, pleiotropy is reduced when NADPH is made freely available (cyan bars). For other freely available currency metabolites, see Supplementary Figure S2.