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. 2018 Nov 23;108(5):1069–1091. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy097

FIGURE 9.

FIGURE 9

(A) Dietary β-carotene and stroke: linear dose-response analyses. The summary RR per 5000 µg/d was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.66, 0.98, I2 = 59%, Pheterogeneity = 0.02, n = 7). (B) β-Carotene in blood and stroke: linear dose-response analysis. The summary RR per 25 µg/dL was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.74, 0.97, I2 = 0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.50, n = 3). (C) Dietary β-carotene and stroke: nonlinear dose-response analysis. There was evidence of nonlinearity between dietary β-carotene and stroke (Pnonlinearity < 0.0001). (D) β-Carotene in blood and stroke: nonlinear dose-response analysis. There was evidence of nonlinearity for β-carotene in blood and stroke (Pnonlinearity = 0.07). Summary RRs and 95% CIs were calculated with the use of random-effects models, and the nonlinear dose-response analyses were conducted with the use of restricted cubic splines.