Table 5.

Multivariate coefficients and 95% confidence intervals from logistic regression models of factors associated with use of a maternity waiting home (MWH) among women surveyed in 2015 and 2017 at postpartum, postnatal, or child welfare visits in two areas of Malawi

	Full sample MWH vs. Not MWH		Area 25 MWH vs. Not MWH		Kasungu MWH vs. Not MWH
	β	95% CI	β	95% CI	β	95% CI
Sociodemographic Factors
Age group
15–19	− 0.04	(− 0.74; 0.65)	− 0.72	(−1.86; 0.42)	0.22	(− 0.69; 1.13)
20–24	− 0.08	(− 0.70; 0.54)	− 0.46	(− 1.47; 0.54)	0.00	(− 0.82; 0.83)
25–29	− 0.03	(− 0.63; 0.58)	− 0.37	(−1.34; 0.61)	0.09	(− 0.71; 0.89)
30–34	− 0.13	(− 0.72; 0.45)	− 0.49	(− 1.47; 0.50)	− 0.06	(− 0.82; 0.70)
35+ (ref)	–		–		–
Education level
None/Primary (ref)	–		–		–
Secondary or higher	− 0.09	(− 0.36; 0.18)	− 0.15	(− 0.58; 0.27)	− 0.12	(− 0.50; 0.26)
Location
Area 25 (ref)	–		–		–
Kasungu	0.37	(0.09; 0.66)*	NA		NA
Time period
Baseline (2015 - ref)	–		–		–
Endline (2017)	− 0.23	(− 0.48; 0.03)+	− 0.31	(− 0.73; 0.11)	− 0.15	(− 0.51; 0.20)
Key Risk Factors
Parity
1	0.42	(0.05; 0.80)*	0.74	(0.14; 1.33)*	0.16	(− 0.35; 0.68)
2 (ref)	–		–		–
3–4	0.17	(− 0.24; 0.58)	0.12	(− 0.50; 0.75)	0.11	(− 0.47; 0.70)
5+	0.31	(−0.27; 0.89)	0.22	(−0.73; 1.17)	0.18	(−0.59; 0.95)
Told she may have complications
No (ref)	–		–		–
Yes	0.31	(0.05; 0.56)*	0.17	(−0.23; 0.57)	0.25	(−0.10; 0.60)
Prior Birth Outcome
No prior/Live birth (ref)	–		–		–
Adverse outcome	0.44	(−0.07; 0.95)+	0.67	(−0.03; 1.38)+	0.40	(−0.40; 1.21)
Type of toilet
Not in house (ref)	–		–		–
In house	−1.30	(−1.65; −0.96)***	−1.97	(−2.40; − 1.54)***	0.43	(− 0.23; 1.08)
Time to facility (continuous)	0.01	(0.00; 0.01)***	−0.00	(−0.01; 0.00)	0.01	(0.01; 0.01)***
Programmatic Factor
Attended community event
No (ref)	–		–		–
Yes	0.18	(−0.08; 0.45)	0.13	(−0.31; 0.58)	0.20	(−0.16; 0.56)
Number of observations	1160		538		622
pseudo R2	0.0794		0.1591		0.0690

+ p < 0.10 *p < 0.05 **p < 0.01 ***p < 0.001