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. 2018 Nov 20;13:3777–3790. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S182504

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The increased circulating levels of miR-190a-5p in patients with COPD-PH correlate with disease severity.

Notes: (A) Levels of miR-190a-5p in patients with PH were significantly higher than those in the healthy controls. The increase in miR-190a-5p levels was more significant in the COPD-PH groups than in the healthy controls. In contrast, there were no significant differences in the miR-190a-5p levels of the IPAH, PAH-CTD, CTEPH, and healthy controls groups. *P<0.05, in comparison with healthy controls. ***P<0.001, in comparison with healthy controls. (B) The relative expression of KLF15 mRNA was significantly lower in the global cohort of patients with PH and the COPD-PH subgroup than in the healthy controls. In contrast, there were no significant differences in the relative expression of KLF15 mRNA of the IPAH, PAH-CTD, CTEPH, and healthy controls groups. **P<0.01, in comparison with healthy controls. ****P<0.0001, in comparison with healthy controls. (C) Compared with COPD-PH patients with PO2 above 60 mm Hg, those with PO2 below 60 mm Hg had significantly higher levels of miR-190a-5p and significantly lower relative expression levels of KLF15 mRNA. *P<0.05 compared with COPD-PH patients with PO2 above 60 mm Hg. **P<0.01 compared COPD-PH patients with PO2 above 60 mm Hg. (D) Compared with non-severe COPD-PH patients, patients with severe COPD-PH had significantly higher levels of miR-190a-5p and significantly lower relative expression levels of KLF15 mRNA. *P<0.05 compared with non-severe COPD-PH patients. (E) Higher levels of miR-190a-5p were significantly correlated with lower relative expression levels of KLF15 mRNA in COPD-PH patients.

Abbreviations: COPD-PH, pulmonary hypertension secondary to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CTEPH, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension; IPAH, idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension; KLF15, Krüppel-like factor 15; PAH-CTD, connective tissue disorder-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension; PaO2, partial pressure of arterial oxygen; PH, pulmonary hypertension.