Table I.
Child Demographic and Spina Bifida Information at Time 1
| Variable | M (SD) or % (N = 140) |
|---|---|
| Age: | 11.4 (2.5) |
| Gender | |
| Male | 45.7% |
| Female | 54.3% |
| Ethnicity | |
| White | 52.1% |
| Hispanic | 26.4% |
| African American | 12.1% |
| Other | 5.8% |
| Hollingshead SES | 39.4 (15.9) |
| Spina bifida type | |
| Myelomeningocele | 86.4% |
| Lipomeningocele | 6.4% |
| Other | 5.8% |
| Unknown/not reported | 1.4% |
| Lesion level | |
| Thoracic | 16.4% |
| Lumbar | 48.6% |
| Sacral | 29.3% |
| Unknown/not reported | 1.4% |
| Shunt present | 77.9% |
| Ambulation | |
| Braces | 81.1% |
| Wheelchair | 61.4% |
Note. The percentages of children who use braces or wheelchairs do not add up to 100% because many children use both methods of ambulation.