Table 2.
Results of Cox proportional hazards models examining relative likelihood of death of New York City (NYC) residents compared with non-NYC residents, before and after the implementation of Bloomberg's public health policies. National Longitudinal Mortality Survey (1992-2011)
| NYC residents, 1992-2000 |
NYC residents, 2002-10 |
Difference-in-differences |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard ratioa | 95% CI (high, low) | Hazard ratioa | 95% CI (high, low) | Coefficient differenceb | 95% CI (high, low) | |
| All | 0.74 | (0.67, 0.82) | 0.80 | (0.70, 0.91) | 0.08 | (-0.09, 0.24) |
| Men | 0.73 | (0.63, 0.84) | 0.82 | (0.67, 1.00) | 0.12 | (-0.13, 0.37) |
| Women | 0.76 | (0.66, 0.87) | 0.78 | (0.65, 0.94) | 0.03 | (-0.19, 0.26) |
a
Mortality hazard ratios for New York City residents compared with non-NYC residents using coarsened exact matching based on race, Hispanic ethnicity, age, education, employment status, marital status, veteran status, income and home ownership.
b
The value represents the difference of the beta coefficient for the 1992-2010 period and the 2002-10 period, and the associated P-value. LCL; lower confidence limit, UCL; upper confidence limit.