Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of subjects according to the total cholesterol variability (coefficient of variation)
| Q1 (n = 914 161) | Q2 (n = 914 163) | Q3 (n = 914 162) | Q4 (n = 914 162) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 44.4 ± 12.7 | 44.0 ± 12.0 | 44.4 ± 12.2 | 46.8 ± 13.2 |
| Sex (male) | 617 004 (67.5) | 645 473 (70.6) | 631 752 (69.1) | 576 204 (63.0) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.6 ± 3.1 | 23.6 ± 3.1 | 23.7 ± 3.0 | 23.8 ± 3.1 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 122.4 ± 14.6 | 122.5 ± 14.4 | 122.8 ± 14.6 | 123.5 ± 15.2 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 76.8 ± 9.9 | 77.0 ± 9.8 | 77.1 ± 9.8 | 77.3 ± 10.1 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 94.1 ± 19.8 | 94.3 ± 20.2 | 94.7 ± 21.2 | 96.8 ± 24.5 |
| Mean TC (mg/dL) | 192.3 ± 30.5 | 191.9 ± 30.2 | 191.7 ± 30.2 | 193.5 ± 31.0 |
| TC variability | ||||
| CV (%) | 4.25 ± 1.36 | 7.48 ± 0.77 | 10.38 ± 0.97 | 16.78 ± 4.65 |
| SD (mg/dL) | 8.18 ± 2.95 | 14.35 ± 2.70 | 19.89 ± 3.66 | 32.54 ± 10.82 |
| VIM (%) | 8.24 ± 2.64 | 14.49 ± 1.51 | 20.10 ± 1.90 | 32.47 ± 8.98 |
| Current smoker | 274 353 (30.0) | 288 685 (31.6) | 282 571 (30.9) | 253 577 (27.7) |
| Alcohol consumption | 511 493 (56.0) | 528 774 (57.8) | 517 862 (56.7) | 469 182 (51.3) |
| Regular exercise | 63 637 (7.0) | 61 414 (6.7) | 63 171 (6.9) | 70 640 (7.7) |
| Income (lower 10%) | 73 991 (8.1) | 69 926 (7.7) | 77 085 (8.4) | 94 455 (10.3) |
| Hypertension | 193 650 (21.2) | 191 354 (20.9) | 202 452 (22.2) | 255 726 (28.0) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 48 868 (5.4) | 50 103 (5.5) | 57 220 (6.3) | 89 942 (9.8) |
| Dyslipidaemia | 86 446 (9.5) | 95 875 (10.5) | 117 448 (12.9) | 209 373 (23.0) |
| On lipid-lowering agent | 42 894 (4.7) | 44 763 (4.9) | 56 918 (6.2) | 131 140 (14.4) |
| Any malignancy | 8413 (0.9) | 7947 (0.9) | 8939 (1.0) | 13 013 (1.4) |
Data are expressed as the mean ± SD, or n (%).
BP, blood pressure; CV, coefficient of variation; SD, standard deviation; TC, total cholesterol; VIM, variability independent of the mean.