Table 2.
Adjusted hazard ratios for incident hearing loss associated with baseline diabetes status
| Events/number of participants | Incidence rate (per 1000 person-years) | Model 1a | Model 2b | Model 3c | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diabetes defined by glucose | |||||
| Normal | 1855/200 649 | 1.8 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Pre-diabetes | 699/46 132 | 3.1 | 1.10 (1.00, 1.20) | 1.04 (0.95, 1.14) | 1.04 (0.95, 1.14) |
| Diabetes | 263/6520 | 9.2 | 1.48 (1.29, 1.69) | 1.40 (1.22, 1.60) | 1.36 (1.19, 1.56) |
| Diabetes defined by glucose and HbA1c | |||||
| Normal | 1292/161 224 | 1.7 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Pre-diabetes | 888/63 548 | 3.3 | 1.10 (1.00, 1.20) | 1.04 (0.95, 1.14) | 1.03 (0.95, 1.13) |
| Diabetes | 287/7284 | 9.7 | 1.50 (1.31, 1.72) | 1.39 (1.21, 1.59) | 1.36 (1.18, 1.56) |
a
Model 1: Adjusted for age spline, sex, study centre and year of visit.
b
Model 2: Further adjusted for exposure to occupational noise, body mass index, smoking, alcohol and vigorous exercise.
c
Model 3: Further adjusted for total and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and hypertension.