Table 3.
Adjusted hazard ratios for incident hearing loss associated with time-varying diabetes status
| Model 1a | Model 2b | Model 3c | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diabetes defined by glucose | |||
| Normal | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Pre-diabetes | 1.15 (1.05, 1.26) | 1.08 (0.99, 1.18) | 1.07 (0.98, 1.17) |
| Diabetes | 1.47 (1.31, 1.65) | 1.37 (1.22, 1.54) | 1.34 (1.19, 1.51) |
| Diabetes defined by glucose and HbA1c | |||
| Normal | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Pre-diabetes | 1.21 (1.10, 1.32) | 1.14 (1.04, 1.24) | 1.12 (1.02, 1.23) |
| Diabetes | 1.60 (1.41, 1.80) | 1.47 (1.30, 1.66) | 1.43 (1.26, 1.62) |
a
Model 1: Adjusted for age spline, sex, study centre and year of visit.
b
Model 2: Further adjusted for exposure to occupational noise, body mass index, smoking, alcohol and vigorous exercise.
c
Model 3: Further adjusted for total and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and hypertension.