Table 2.
Summary of Animal Models Used in Work Assessing sleep–wake Disturbances After TBI.
| Model | Type of injury | Strengths | Weaknesses | Species |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FPI | · Mixed global/focal insult | · Very common model used | · Requires craniotomy | · Mouse, 100,164,169–171 Rat 165 |
| · Midline or lateral | · Highly reproducible · Mild regarded as the most translation model of TBI | · Does not replicate clinical TBI in terms of skull fracture · Limited mechanical control over neurological insult | ||
| CCI | · Predominantly focal | · Single or repetitive insults | · Requires craniotomy | · Mouse, 155,167,168,173 Piglet 172 |
| · Highly reproducible | ||||
| · Severity of neurological insult easily controlled | ||||
| Weight Drop | · Mixed global/focal insult | · Representative of human conditions· Does not require craniotomy | · Not highly reproducible· High mortality without post-injury 100% O2 ventilation | · Mouse, 157 Rat 158,159 |
Abbreviations: FPI, fluid percussion injury; CCI, controlled cortical impact injury; TBI, traumatic brain injury.