Table 2.

Multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses of birth outcomes and maternal characteristics versus APOL1 risk status

	BMC		GENEVA
	Mothers (n = 960)		Infants (n = 867)		Mothers (n = 519)
	Effect size (HR versus LR)	95% CI	Effect size (HR versus LR)	95% CI	Effect size (HR versus LR)	95% CI
Preterm	OR = 1.0	0.7–1.5	OR = 1.0	0.7–1.5	OR = 1.1	0.6–1.9
Gestational age in preterm group (weeks)	β = −0.3	−1.2–0.7	β = −0.5	−1.4–0.4	β = −0.3	−1.9–1.4
Log birthweight (g)a	exp(β) = 1.0	0.96–1.03	exp(β) = 1.02	0.99–1.06	exp(β) = 1.0	0.96–1.04
Small for gestational age	OR = 0.7	0.4–1.4	OR = 0.4 (n = 416)b	0.1–1.2	–	–

ORs of HR versus LR APOL1 and their 95% CIs are presented for logistic regression models of binary outcomes. Estimated regression coefficients for HR APOL1 and their associated P-values are reported for linear regression models of continuous outcomes. Parameter estimates for all dependent variables from each multivariable model are provided in Supplementary data, Tables S5–S7.

^aTo meet model assumptions of normality and constant variance, birthweight was log transformed. Effects of risk alleles on birthweight [exp(β)] are multiplicative and can be interpreted as fold change.

^bSmall for gestational age was only explored for infants who were not multiples (twins, triplets, etc.). For BMC, not being a multiple was one of the inclusion criteria. For GENEVA infants, only 416 of 867 subjects were known not to be multiples. For GENEVA mothers, the number of subjects who were known not to have had a multiple pregnancy was so small (n = 87)results were not reported.