Table 2:

Major functions of PUM1 and PUM2 and consequences of their dysfunction.

PUM Function	PUM Dysfunction	Approaches	References
Growth	Reduced body size	Mouse knockout, naturally occurring human mutations	[27, 34, 105, 108–110]
Development	Embryonic lethality, developmental disability	Mouse knockout, naturally occurring human mutations	[34, 105]
Stem cell fate	Defects in embryonic, germline, hematopoietic, and neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation	Mouse knockout, RNAi in human and mouse cells	[27, 34, 74, 82, 88]
Gametogenesis	Reduced fertility	Mouse knockout	[27, 109, 110]
Hematopoiesis	Promote acute myeloid leukemia	RNAi in human and mouse cells, analysis of mouse	[74, 82]
Neurogenesis	Neurodegeneration	Mouse knockout, RNAi in mouse brain	[34, 57, 89]
Neural electrophysiology	Epilepsy	Mouse knockout, RNAi in rat neurons, naturally occurring human mutations	[90, 105, 108, 114]
Behavior	Hyperactivity, deficient nesting behavior	Mouse knockout	[57, 90, 108]
Learning and memory formation	Diminished spatial memory, intellectual disability	Mouse knockout, naturally occurring human mutations	[34, 57, 105]
Motor function	Cerebellar ataxia	Mouse knockout, naturally occurring human mutations	[57, 105]