Table 1.
Physician respondent demographics (N = 501)
| Principal practice setting | |
| Community hospital | 54.9% |
| Academic medical center | 37.1% |
| Ambulatory care setting | 8.0% |
| US geographic location | |
| South | 38.3% |
| Northeast | 25.1% |
| West | 21.2% |
| Midwest | 15.4% |
| Years in medical practice | |
| < 5 | 19.2% |
| 6–10 | 21.2% |
| 11–15 | 16.8% |
| ≥ 16 | 42.9% |
| Primary medical specialty | |
| Surgery | 60.1% |
| Anesthesiology | 29.9% |
| Critical care/emergency medicine | 10.0% |
| Primary surgical specialty | |
| General or bariatric | 51.8% |
| Plastic and cosmetic | 17.3% |
| Colorectal | 12.0% |
| Cardiothoracic | 9.0% |
| Orthopedic or neurosurgery | 7.3% |
| Vascular | 7.3% |
| Number of inpatient surgeries requiring IV pain medications managed per month | |
| 1–5 | 5.0% |
| 6–10 | 11.6% |
| 10–19 | 24.3% |
| ≥ 20 | 59.1% |
IV intravenous