Table 2.
Logistic regression models for associations between demographic and sleep variables.
| Self-reported sleep duration | Bedtime | Wake time | Insufficient sleep | Restless sleep | Snoring | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quartile 1 - Quartile 4 | Quartile 1 - Quartile 4 | Quartile 1 - Quartile 4 | Sometimes/Rarely/Never sufficient vs. Often/Very often sufficient | Yes vs. No | Yes vs. No | ||
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | ||
| Age group (y) | 50–59 vs 40–49 | 0.83 (0.70, 0.98) | 1.00 (0.85, 1.17) | 0.76 (0.64, 0.89) | 1.13 (0.93, 1.37) | 1.39 (1.12, 1.72) | 1.28 (1.00, 1.63) |
| 60–69 vs 40–49 | 0.78 (0.65, 0.94) | 0.99 (0.83, 1.19) | 0.61 (0.51, 0.73) | 1.04 (0.84, 1.29) | 1.79 (1.42, 2.25) | 1.64 (1.26, 2.13) | |
| 70–79 vs 40–49 | 0.93 (0.76, 1.15) | 0.75 (0.61, 0.92) | 0.85 (0.69, 1.04) | 1.15 (0.91, 1.47) | 1.97 (1.53, 2.54) | 1.54 (1.14, 2.07) | |
| 80+ vs 40–49 | 1.24 (0.97, 1.59) | 0.53 (0.41, 0.67) | 1.18 (0.93, 1.51) | 1.37 (1.04, 1.81) | 2.46 (1.84, 3.29) | 1.80 (1.27, 2.55) | |
| Sex | Female vs Male | 0.73 (0.64, 0.83) | 0.93 (0.82, 1.05) | 0.50 (0.44, 0.57) | 1.05 (0.91, 1.21) | 1.28 (1.10, 1.49) | 0.74 (0.62, 0.88) |
| BMI | Underweight vs normal | 1.01 (0.79, 1.30) | 0.71 (0.55, 0.90) | 1.06 (0.83, 1.35) | 1.09 (0.82, 1.44) | 1.27 (0.95, 1.69) | 1.34 (0.94, 1.89) |
| Overweight vs normal | 1.03 (0.90, 1.19) | 0.97 (0.84, 1.11) | 0.91 (0.79, 1.04) | 1.14 (0.97, 1.33) | 1.14 (0.97, 1.34) | 1.30 (1.07, 1.60) | |
| Obese vs normal | 1.08 (0.93, 1.24) | 1.06 (0.92, 1.22) | 1.10 (0.95, 1.26) | 1.30 (1.11, 1.53) | 1.02 (0.86, 1.20) | 2.50 (2.05, 3.05) | |
| Education | 1–7 years vs No formal education | 0.89 (0.78, 1.02) | 1.19 (1.05, 1.35) | 1.02 (0.9, 1.16) | 0.93 (0.81, 1.08) | 0.94 (0.81, 1.09) | 1.29 (1.08, 1.53) |
| 8–11 years vs No formal education | 0.96 (0.79, 1.16) | 1.18 (0.97, 1.43) | 1.17 (0.97, 1.42) | 0.67 (0.53, 0.85) | 0.82 (0.64, 1.04) | 1.09 (0.83, 1.44) | |
| 12+ years vs No formal education | 0.82 (0.64, 1.03) | 1.45 (1.15, 1.83) | 0.81 (0.64, 1.02) | 0.71 (0.54, 0.94) | 0.50 (0.36, 0.70) | 1.23 (0.89, 1.70) | |
| Employment | Employed vs Not working | 0.57 (0.48, 0.67) | 1.00 (0.86, 1.18) | 0.43 (0.36, 0.50) | 0.94 (0.78, 1.13) | 0.76 (0.62, 0.94) | 0.99 (0.79, 1.24) |
| Homemaker vs Not working | 0.45 (0.37, 0.54) | 0.88 (0.74, 1.05) | 0.96 (0.80, 1.14) | 0.34 (0.27, 0.43) | 0.86 (0.70, 1.06) | 1.20 (0.95, 1.52) | |
| Marital status | Never married vs Currently married | 1.18 (0.92, 1.51) | 0.95 (0.75, 1.20) | 1.57 (1.24, 1.99) | 1.10 (0.84, 1.46) | 1.14 (0.83, 1.56) | 0.82 (0.57, 1.17) |
| Separated/divorced vs Currently married | 1.20 (1.01, 1.43) | 0.85 (0.71, 1.00) | 1.35 (1.13, 1.59) | 1.15 (0.94, 1.40) | 1.38 (1.12, 1.69) | 0.76 (0.59, 0.97) | |
| Widowed vs Currently married | 1.23 (1.07, 1.42) | 0.79 (0.69, 0.91) | 1.20 (1.04, 1.38) | 1.13 (0.96, 1.33) | 1.33 (1.13, 1.57) | 0.66 (0.54, 0.81) | |
| Wealth quintile | 2 vs 1 (lowest) | 0.94 (0.79, 1.11) | 1.21 (1.03, 1.44) | 0.92 (0.77, 1.08) | 1.11 (0.92, 1.35) | 0.91 (0.75, 1.11) | 0.86 (0.68, 1.10) |
| 3 vs 1 | 0.81 (0.68, 0.97) | 1.31 (1.11, 1.56) | 0.90 (0.76, 1.07) | 0.93 (0.76, 1.14) | 1.09 (0.89, 1.33) | 0.93 (0.73, 1.18) | |
| 4 vs 1 | 0.73 (0.61, 0.87) | 1.66 (1.40, 1.97) | 0.99 (0.83, 1.18) | 1.03 (0.84, 1.26) | 1.05 (0.85, 1.29) | 0.92 (0.72, 1.18) | |
| 5 vs 1 | 0.76 (0.63, 0.92) | 1.83 (1.52, 2.19) | 0.99 (0.83, 1.19) | 1.05 (0.85, 1.30) | 0.89 (0.72, 1.11) | 0.88 (0.68, 1.14) |
Each of the six sleep parameters (dependent variables) was evaluated in a separate model with the demographic variables serving as independent variables.
OR: odds ratio, CI: confidence interval, BMI: body mass index.