Table 4.
Adjusted OR (AOR) for retailer violation rates from the Youth Tobacco Purchase Survey (YTPS), the Young Adult Tobacco Purchase Survey (YATPS) and the Young Adult E-cigarette Purchase Survey (YAEPS)
| YTPS | YATPS (n=1228) | YAEPS (n=842) | ||
| Pre-T21 (n=793) | Post-T21 (n=751) | |||
| AOR† (95% CI) | AOR† (95% CI) | AOR‡ (95% CI) | AOR‡ (95% CI) | |
| Retailer type | ||||
| Convenience stores with gas | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Convenience stores without gas | 0.50 (0.21 to 1.21) | 0.80 (0.29 to 2.18) | 0.66 (0.32 to 1.35) | 0.67 (0.25 to 1.81) |
| Liquor stores | 0.46 (0.20 to 1.04) | 0.33 (0.09 to 1.20) | 0.75 (0.36 to 1.54) | 1.47 (0.63 to 3.43) |
| Pharmacies | <0.01** (<0.01 to <0.01) | <0.01** (<0.01 to <0.01) | 0.20‡ (0.06 to 0.71) | 0.23 (0.03 to 2.06) |
| Small markets | 0.61 (0.20 to 1.89) | 1.45 (0.56 to 3.73) | 0.46‡ (0.25 to 0.84) | 0.90 (0.19 to 4.30) |
| Supermarkets | 0.65 (0.25 to 1.71) | 0.27 (0.04 to 2.13) | 0.27‡ (0.09 to 0.80) | 0.11 (0.01 to 1.10) |
| Tobacco stores§ | 4.17** (1.98 to 8.77) | 1.89 (0.76 to 4.70) | 1.33 (0.58 to 3.06) | 6.13** (2.38 to 15.77) |
| Vape shops | –§ | –§ | –§ | 3.66‡ (1.18 to 11.35) |
| Others | 2.78‡ (1.15 to 6.73) | 0.45 (0.10 to 2.00) | 1.00 (0.52 to 1.92) | 2.02 (0.69 to 5.96) |
| Geographical regions | ||||
| Los Angeles | –¶ | –¶ | Reference | 1.58 (0.93 to 2.70) |
| San Diego | –¶ | –¶ | 0.83 (0.46 to 1.52) | 1.34 (0.48 to 3.76) |
| Orange | –¶ | –¶ | 0.45** (0.26 to 0.80) | 2.63 (0.57 to 12.19) |
| Santa Clara | –¶ | –¶ | 1.67 (0.67 to 4.20) | 2.46 (0.77 to 7.86) |
| San Bernardino | –¶ | –¶ | 0.43 (0.18 to 1.01) | 1.01 (0.57 to 1.80) |
| Riverside | –¶ | –¶ | 0.83 (0.41 to 1.72) | Reference |
| Alameda | –¶ | –¶ | 0.21** (0.11 to 0.40) | 0.73 (0.10 to 5.13) |
| San Francisco Peninsula and Northern Bay region | –¶ | –¶ | 0.24** (0.11 to 0.52) | 0.38 (0.06 to 2.26) |
| Central Valley region | –¶ | –¶ | 0.53 (0.17 to 1.66) | 0.38 (0.09 to 1.54) |
| North Coast, Shasta Cascade and Eastern Sierra Nevada region | –¶ | –¶ | 0.50 (0.24 to 1.04) | 1.30 (0.61 to 2.78) |
| Sacramento region | –¶ | –¶ | 0.24** (0.11 to 0.52) | 1.06 (0.49 to 2.29) |
| Central Coast region | –¶ | –¶ | 0.57 (0.23 to 1.39) | 0.89 (0.20 to 3.92) |
*P<0.05; **P<0.01.
†Controlled for retailer type, decoy’s age, decoy’s gender, decoy’s race and clerk’s gender.
‡Controlled for retailer type, geographic region, decoy’s age, decoy’s gender, decoy’s race and clerk’s gender.
§Vape shops were not in a separate category in the pre-T21 YTPS and were included with ‘others’ in post-T21 YTPS and YATPS due to small sample size.
¶Regional breakdown not modelled in YTPS due to sampling design.