p53 levels and activity were elevated in pp5-deficient mice.
A, Western blot analyses show that p53 expression was significantly elevated in the selected pp5-deficient tissues, thymus, spleen, heart, and liver. B, expression of the p53 target genes MDM2, PTEN, and p21 was increased in pp5-deficient mouse thymus (Thy) and heart. C, total and phospho-p53 (Ser-15) were detected in WT pp5−/− MEF cells using anti-p53 and anti-Ser-15 p53 antibodies. D, real-time quantitative RT-PCR indicated that the level of p53 mRNA remained unchanged in mutant MEF cells compared with the levels in the WT controls. p21 (E), Mdm2 (F), and Pten (G) mRNA levels were also increased in pp5-deficient MEF cells, as shown by real-time quantitative RT-PCR analysis of WT and pp5−/− cells. Values are expressed as the means ± S.D. (error bars) from three independent experiments. ** represents p < 0.01, and *** represents p < 0.001.