Table 3.

Sex differences in the impact of cardiovascular risk factors on dementia incidence

Cardiovascular risk factors	Dementia risk		Note	References
	Men	Women
Coronary artery disease (CAD)	+	+	Low cognitive scores in men and women (middle life)	Singh-Manoux et al., 2008
Atrial Fibrillation (AF)	+	+	Increased incidence of dementia in men and women	Chen et al., 2018 Miyasaka et al., 2007
Myocardial Infarction (MI)	+	N.S.	Increased incidence of dementia in men but not in women with unrecognized MI	Ikram et al., 2008
	+	++	Greater dementia risk in women than in men	Aronson et al., 1990
	+	+	Increased risk for vascular dementia but not for Alzheimer dementia in men and women	Sundboll et al., 2018
Heart failure (HF)	+	N.S.	Increased incidence of dementia in men but not in women	Noale et al., 2013
	+	+	Increased dementia risk in both men and women	Adelborg et al., 2017
Hypertension (HTN)
All age	N.S.	+	Low cognitive scores in women but not in men	Arntzen et al., 2011
	+	+	Increased incidence of dementia in men and women	Israeli-Korn et al., 2010 Kimm et al., 2011
Mid-life	N.S.	+	Increased dementia risk in women but not in men	Gilsanz et al., 2017 Joas et al., 2012
Late- life	N.D.	N.S.	Risk for mild cognitive impairment or probable dementia is not significant in postmenopausal women	Johnson et al., 2008

+: increases dementia risk, ++: increases dementia risk to a great extent, N.D.: not mentioned, N.S.: not significant risk.