Table 4. Crude and adjusted analyses* between multimorbidity and independent variables. Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil), 2015–2016.
| Variable | Multimorbidity | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| ≥ 2 | ≥ 3 | |||||||
|
|
|
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| Crude analysis | Adjusted analysis | Crude analysis | Adjusted analysis | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
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| PR | 95%CI | PR | 95%CI | PR | 95%CI | PR | 95%CI | |
| Sex (ref: male) | ||||||||
| Female | 1.28 | 1.23–1.33 | 1.26 | 1.22–1.30 | 1.56 | 1.48–1.65 | 1.49 | 1.41–1.58 |
| Age (ref: 50–59) | ||||||||
| 60–69 | 1.25 | 1.19–1.31 | 1.22 | 1.17–1.28 | 1.39 | 1.29–1.50 | 1.36 | 1.26–1.46 |
| 70–79 | 1.34 | 1.27–1.41 | 1.30 | 1.23–1.37 | 1.65 | 1.51–1.80 | 1.56 | 1.43–1.69 |
| 80 and over | 1.40 | 1.31–1.50 | 1.34 | 1.26–1.43 | 1.80 | 1.64–1.97 | 1.66 | 1.50–1.83 |
| Race (ref: white) | ||||||||
| Black | 1.04 | 0.96–1.14 | 1.08 | 0.99–1.17 | 1.03 | 0.92–1.16 | 1.07 | 0.98–1.18 |
| Brown | 0.97 | 0.93–1.01 | 1.01 | 0.97–1.05 | 0.93 | 0.88–0.99 | 0.99 | 0.93–1.04 |
| Yellow/Indigenous | 1.08 | 0.97–1.21 | 1.10 | 0.99–1.21 | 0.96 | 0.83–1.12 | 0.96 | 0.83–1.12 |
| Education level (ref: zero) | ||||||||
| 1–4 | 1.05 | 1.00–1.11 | 1.07 | 1.02–1.12 | 0.99 | 0.92–1.07 | 1.04 | 0.97–1.12 |
| 5–8 | 0.97 | 0.91–1.03 | 1.04 | 0.98–1.10 | 0.90 | 0.82–0.99 | 1.04 | 0.95–1.14 |
| 9 or more | 0.93 | 0.86–1.00 | 0.97 | 0.91–1.05 | 0.81 | 0.74–0.90 | 0.93 | 0.85–1.03 |
| Index of goods (ref: 1st) | ||||||||
| 2nd | 1.10 | 1.04–1.16 | 1.10 | 1.05–1.15 | 1.13 | 1.03–1.24 | 1.13 | 1.04–1.24 |
| 3rd | 1.08 | 1.01–1.15 | 1.10 | 1.04–1.16 | 1.08 | 0.99–1.18 | 1.11 | 1.02–1.23 |
| 4th (highest) | 1.06 | 0.99–1.13 | 1.13 | 1.07–1.19 | 1.01 | 0.91–1.12 | 1.12 | 1.01–1.24 |
| Smoking (ref: never smoked) | ||||||||
| Current smoker | 0.88 | 0.83–0.93 | 0.97 | 0.92–1.02 | 0.81 | 0.75–0.87 | 0.97 | 0.90–1.04 |
| Former smoker | 1.03 | 1.00–1.07 | 1.09 | 1.06–1.13 | 1.02 | 0.98–1.07 | 1.13 | 1.08–1.18 |
| Consumption of alcoholic beverages (ref: never) | ||||||||
| < once a month | 0.89 | 0.82–0.97 | 0.93 | 0.86–1.02 | 0.84 | 0.74–0.94 | 0.92 | 0.82–1.02 |
| ≥ once a month | 0.82 | 0.79–0.86 | 0.91 | 0.87–0.95 | 0.69 | 0.64–0.74 | 0.83 | 0.77–0.89 |
| Area of residence (ref: rural) | ||||||||
| Urban | 1.08 | 1.00–1.16 | 1.05 | 0.99–1.12 | 1.09 | 0.99–1.21 | 1.09 | 1.00–1.18 |
| Geopolitical region (ref: North) | ||||||||
| Northeast | 1.00 | 0.87–1.15 | 0.98 | 0.86–1.11 | 1.03 | 0.87–1.22 | 0.99 | 0.86–1.14 |
| Southeast | 1.08 | 0.93–1.25 | 1.04 | 0.91–1.18 | 1.09 | 0.92–1.30 | 1.04 | 0.90–1.20 |
| South | 1.10 | 0.95–1.28 | 1.06 | 0.92–1.22 | 1.19 | 1.01–1.41 | 1.13 | 0.97–1.31 |
| Midwest | 1.08 | 0.93–1.25 | 1.05 | 0.93–1.19 | 1.12 | 0.93–1.34 | 1.08 | 0.94–1.24 |
| Household covered by the FHS (ref: no) | ||||||||
| Yes | 1.01 | 0.95–1.07 | 1.01 | 0.95–1.07 | 1.00 | 0.93–1.08 | 0.98 | 0.92–1.06 |
| Does not know/No answer | 1.01 | 0.91–1.11 | 0.98 | 0.88–1.08 | 1.07 | 0.93–1.22 | 1.01 | 0.88–1.17 |
FHS: Family Health Strategy
* Adjustment performed for all independent variables in the table.