Figure 1.

Quaternized chitosan promoted the in vitro antiproliferative effect of vemurafenib in melanoma cells.

Notes: Melanoma cells were treated with medium control, vemurafenib, quaternized chitosan, or a mixture of vemurafenib and quaternized chitosan. (A) The proliferation of cells with different interventions from 0 to 96 hours as determined using CCK-8 assays. (B) The IC₅₀ values of vemurafenib or the combined mixture of vemurafenib and quaternized chitosan in melanoma cells. (C) Representative images of cells stained with DAPI after 48 and 96 hours of culture. The scale bar is 10 µm as indicated in the last image of each row. *P<0.01, compared with the CTRL and QC groups at the corresponding time points. **P<0.05, compared with the CTRL group at the corresponding time points. ^#P<0.05, compared with the V + QC group at the corresponding time points. ^##P<0.05, compared with the V group.

Abbreviations: CCK-8, cell counting kit-8; CTRL, blank control; QC, quaternized chitosan; V, vemurafenib.