Table 2.
Determinants for Campylobacter infection associated with foreign travel, Denmark 2016
| Exposure | Cases (N=302) n (%) | Controls (N=248) n (%) | ORa | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Destination | ||||
| Turkey | 27 (8.9) | 9 (3.6) | 3.6 | 1.4–9.3 |
| Thailand | 13 (4.3) | 1 (0.4) | 9.9 | 1.2–78.8 |
| Indonesia | 22 (7.3) | 1 (0.4) | 12.2 | 1.6–92.8 |
| Asia (others) | 45 (14.9) | 9 (3.6) | 3.0 | 1.4–6.7 |
| Africa | 35 (11.6) | 3 (1.2) | 6.9 | 2.1–23.1 |
| Northern Europeb | 18 (6.0) | 71 (28.6) | 0.2 | 0.1–0.3 |
| Scandinaviac | 9 (3.0) | 39 (15.7) | 0.1 | 0.06–0.3 |
| Accommodation | ||||
| Bed & breakfast | 27 (8.9) | 11 (4.4) | 2.5 | 1.7–5.3 |
| Meals | ||||
| Street kitchens | 67 (22.2) | 16 (6.5) | 2.7 | 1.4–5.0 |
| Cooked own food | 99 (32.8) | 124 (50.0) | 0.5 | 0.3–0.7 |
| Environment | ||||
| Contact to sand, soil, or mud | 239 (79.1) | 178 (71.8) | 1.8 | 1.1–2.8 |
| Swimming in sea water | 187 (61.9) | 116 (46.9) | 1.7 | 1.1–2.8 |
Notes:
a
ORs are adjusted for the confounding effect of age, sex, and season.
b
Germany, UK, Holland, Austria, and Belgium.
c
Finland, Norway, Sweden, and Iceland.