Table 2.
Status of implementation of cancer screening in the European Union around 2016.
| Country | Breast cancer screening |
Cervical cancer screening |
Colorectal cancer screening |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Status of population-based programme (year of programme initiation) | Screening policy documented as law or official recommendation | Invitation coverage in 50-69 years age group (annual population)b | Status of population-based programme (year of programme initiation) | Screening policy documented as law or official recommendation | Invitation coverage in 30-59 years age group (annual population)c | Status of population-based programme (year of programme initiation) | Screening policy documented as law or official recommendation | Invitation coverage in 50-74 years age group (annual population)d | |
| Austria | Rollout complete; (2014) | OR | 0% | Non population-based | NA | NA | Rollout complete; R (2003) | OR | NR |
| Belgium | Rollout complete (2001) | Law | 99.7% | Rollout ongoing; R (2013) | OR | 33.8% | Rollout complete; R (2009) | OR | 81.4% |
| Bulgaria | Non population-based or no program | NA | NA | No program | NA | NA | No program | NA | NA |
| Croatia | Rollout complete (2006) | No policy | 104.8% | Rollout ongoing; N (2012) | OR | NR | Rollout complete; N (2008) | OR | 100.5% |
| Cyprus | Rollout complete (2003) | OR | 39.6% | No program | NA | NA | Piloting; N(2013) | OR | NR |
| Czech Republic | Rollout complete (2002) | OR | 0% | Rollout ongoing; N (2008) | OR | NR | Rollout complete; N (2000) | OR | NR |
| Denmark | Rollout complete (2008) | Law | 82.3% | Rollout complete; N (2006) | OR | 67.1% | Rollout complete; N (2014) | Law | NR |
| Estonia | Rollout complete (2003) | OR | 69.2% | Rollout complete; N (2006) | OR | 77.1% | Piloting; N(2016) | OR | NR |
| Finland | Rolloutcomplete (1987) | OR | 91.6% | Rolloutcomplete; N (1963) | OR | 97.9% | Piloting; N(2004) | OR | 10.5% |
| France | Rollout complete (2004) | OR | 102.7% | Rollout ongoing; R (1991) | OR | 7.3% | Rollout complete; Na (2002) | OR | 99.1% |
| Germany | Rollout complete (2005) | Law | 90.8% | Planning; N(2016) | Law | NR | Planning; N(2016) | Law | NR |
| Greece | Non population-based or no program | NA | NA | Non population-based | NA | NA | Non population-based | NA | NA |
| Hungary | Rollout complete (2001) | Law | 78.5% | Rollout ongoing; N (2003) | Law | 15.2% | Piloting; N(2007) | Law | 1.5% |
| Ireland | Rollout complete (2000) | OR | 110.5% | Rollout ongoing; N (2008) | OR | NR | Rollout ongoing; N (2012) | OR | 10.9% |
| Italy | Rollout complete (1990) | Law | 70.6% | Rollout ongoing; N (1989) | Law | 65.1% | Rollout ongoing; N (1982) | OR | 52.4% |
| Latvia | Rollout complete (2009) | Law | 98.4% | Rollout complete; N (2009) | OR | 92.7% | Non population-based | NA | NA |
| Lithuania | Rolloutongoing (2005) | Law | 0% | Rollout ongoing; N (2004) | Law | 75.5% | Rollout ongoing; N(2009) | Law | NR |
| Luxembourg | Rollout complete (1992) | OR | 107.5% | Non population-based | NA | NA | Planning; N (2016) | OR | NR |
| Malta | Rollout complete (2009) | OR | 78.8% | Piloting; N (2015) | OR | NR | Rollout ongoing; N (2013) | OR | 28.5% |
| Netherlands | Rollout complete (1989) | Law | 96.7% | Rollout complete; N (1970) | Law | 96.7% | Rollout ongoing; N (2014) | Law | 20.3% |
| Poland | Rollout complete (2006) | Law | 101.8% | Rollout complete; N (2006) | Law | 97.7%e | Rollout ongoing; N (2012) | Law | 12.5% |
| Portugal | Rolloutongoing (1990) | OR | 55.4% | Rollout ongoing; R (1990) | OR | 18.6%e | Rollout ongoing; R(2009) | OR | 1.6% |
| Romania | Piloting (2015) | OR | 0.2% | Rollout ongoing; N (2012) | OR | 65% | No program | NA | NA |
| Slovak Republic | Non population-based or no program | NA | NA | Planning; N (2008) | OR | NR | No program | NA | NA |
| Slovenia | Rolloutongoing(2008) | Law | 20.9% | Rollout complete; N (2003) | OR | NR | Rollout complete; N (2009) | Law | 80.0% |
| Spain | Rollout complete (1990) | Law | 84.7% | Non population-based | NA | NA | Rollout ongoing; N (2000) | Law | 11.3% |
| Sweden | Rollout complete (1986) | OR | 93.3% | Rollout complete; N (1967) | OR | 79.9% | Rollout complete; R (2008) | OR | 8.5% |
| United Kingdom | Rollout complete (1988) | OR | 111.0% | Rollout complete; N (1988) | OR | 102.1% | Rollout complete; N (2006) | OR | 58.7% |
N: nationwide; R: regional; NA: not applicable; OR: official recommendation.
Data submitted from two different sources, Calvados and rest of the country.
ndex year for invitation coverage was 2013 for all except Austria (2014), Estonia (2014), Finland (2012), France (2012), Germany (2012) and Lithuania (2014).
Index year for invitation coverage was 2013 for all except Belgium, Estonia (2014), Latvia, and Lithuania where the index year was 2014.
Index year for invitation coverage was 2013 for all except Belgium (2014), Finland (2014), France (2012), Malta (2014), Netherlands (2014), Portugal (2014) and Slovenia (2011-12).
Invitation coverage reported for all ages.
Source: adapted from Basu P et al. [25] (Note: Invitation coverage was calculated as the proportion of subjects in the target age range who were invited for screening in the index year, over the annual population. The annual population is defined as the target population divided by the screening interval, assuming that the invitations are issued uniformly during the screening interval. Given that this assumption is not always true, it should be noted that the measurement of the invitation coverage over a single year might be inaccurate. This is reflected by the reported invitation coverage exceeding 100% in some of the Member States)