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. 2018 Nov 20;9:1678. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01678

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Copyright © 2018 Xi, Chen, Bai, Yang, Yang, Chen, Hu and Wang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The probable roles of Na⁺ in Z. xanthoxylum drought tolerance. A great deal of Na⁺ resulted in a decrease in leaf Ψ_s and facilitated more water uptake. Accumulated Na⁺ in leaves enhances water storage by enlarging leaf cells and reduces transpiration by closing stomata. The three possible physiological roles of Na⁺ shown in this figure are likely to enable the xerophyte Z. xanthoxylum to thrive in extremely arid habitats.