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. 2018 Nov 20;9:2619. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02619

Figure 2.

Figure 2

HP-β-CyD and K3 CpG-ODN cooperatively improve the efficacy of influenza split vaccine (SV) against influenza viral infection in mice. (A–C) C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with 3 μg of SV (New Caledonia strain) containing 30% HP-β-CyD and 10 μg of CpG-ODN into the base of the tail on day 0 and 14. (A) Blood was collected 7 days after boost and anti-HA total IgG, IgG1, and IgG2c were determined by ELISA. Each dot represents an individual mouse (n = 10 per group, representative data of 2 independent experiments). *p < 0.05 compared with SV alone,†p < 0.05 compared with SV+HP-β-CyD,‡p < 0.05 compared with SV+K3 CpG-ODN (one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's multiple comparison test). (B,C) Seven days after the last immunization, mice were challenged with 50 (B) or 200 (C) LD50 of influenza virus A/PR/8(H1N1) by intranasal administration and body weight and survival rate were monitored. Each point represents the mean ± S.E. (B; n = 4–10, C; n = 9 per group, representative data of 2 independent experiments). *p < 0.05 compared with SV alone,†p < 0.05 compared with SV+HP-β-CyD,‡p < 0.05 compared with SV+K3 CpG-ODN [one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's multiple comparison test for body weights or Kaplan-Meier analysis (log-rank test and Wilcoxon's test for survival curves comparisons)].