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. 2018 Nov 20;9:2690. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02690

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Copyright © 2018 Ngo Nyekel, Pacreau, Benadda, Msallam, Åbrink, Pejler, Davoust, Benhamou, Charles, Launay, Blank and Gautier.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Blockade of mast cell degranulation or certain MC mediators released by degranulation delays rejection. (A) Kinetic analysis of rejection in sex-mismatched animals treated with PBS (+ MC) or 1 μg DT (–MC) injected sc into the ear pinnae 2 days after allografting to allow an initial MC-mediated acute inflammatory response. Data represent means ± SEM of rejection scores from 4 to 5 independent experiments (total n = 8 to 10 mice/condition. from one-way ANOVA using the nonparametric Bonneferoni multiple comparisons test (comparing all the groups). (B) C57BL/6N mice were treated i.p. with 100 mg/kg of Cromolyn sodium or PBS solvent 30 min before male to female grafting as indicated. Treatment was continued every day after grafting until sacrifice and the rejection profile was monitored. Data show the quantitative analysis of rejection in sex-mismatched animals treated with solvent and cromolyn as indicated. Data represent the means ± SEM of rejection scores from 4 to 5 independent experiments (total n = 8 to 10 mice/condition. from one-way ANOVA using the nonparametric Bonneferoni multiple comparisons test (comparing all the groups). (C) C57BL/6N mice were treated i.p. with SEM from two-way ANOVA test (B) C57BL/6N mice were treated i.p. with (32 mg/kg) of the H1R antagonist Ketotifen or solvent DMSO before male to female grafting as indicated. Treatment was continued every day after grafting until sacrifice and the rejection profile was monitored. Data represent the means ± SEM of rejection scores from 4 to 5 independent experiments (total n = 8 to 10 mice/condition. from one-way ANOVA using the nonparametric Bonneferoni multiple comparisons test (comparing all the groups). (D) Male to female grafting was performed in MCPT4–/– or C57BL/6N mice and the rejection profile was monitored. Data represent the means ± SEM of rejection scores from 4 to 5 independent experiments (total n = 8 to 10 mice/condition. from one-way ANOVA using the nonparametric Bonneferoni multiple comparisons test (comparing all the groups).