Table 2. Strategies to reduce oxidative/nitrosative stress.

Strategy	Effects
Lifestyle modification (diet/exercise)	Calorie restriction and healthy diet promote antioxidant activity
	Moderate exercise promotes antioxidant status and reduces inflammation
Vitamin C (ascorbate)	Has antioxidant function to neutralize hydroxyl, superoxide, and hydrogen peroxide
Vitamin E (α-tocopherol)	Inactivates free radicals by donating hydrogen group
Alpha-lipoic acid (LA)	Inhibits NO production by NOS
	Promotes regenerations of antioxidants such as glutathione and vitamins C and E
Taurine	Direct free radical scavenger and antioxidant promoter
Quercetin	Antioxidant promoter

NOS, nitric oxide synthase.