Table 1.
Assignment of GC-MS signals and their relatives flavor notes.
| Peak no. | Identification | Flavor note | LRI | Identification method | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Acetone | Ethereal, apple, pear | 776 | MS | – |
| 2 | Ethyl acetate | Ethereal, fruity | 855 | MS + LRI | Dall'Asta et al., 2011 |
| 3 | Ethanol | Strong, alcoholic | 903 | MS + LRI | Goodner, 2008 |
| 4 | Diacetyl | Strong, butter | 973 | MS + LRI | Ferreira et al., 2001 |
| 5 | Methyl isovalerate | Strong, apple, pineapple | 1,020 | MS + LRI | Sanz et al., 2001 |
| 6 | Terpene not specified | – | 1,059 | MS | – |
| 7 | Ethyl isovalerate | Fruity, sweet, apple | 1,065 | MS + LRI | Ferreira et al., 2001 |
| 8 | Isopentyl acetate | Sweet, fruity, banana | 1,117 | MS + LRI | Ferreira et al., 2001 |
| 9 | 3-Carene | Sweet, citrus, terpenic | 1,128 | MS + LRI | Chung et al., 1993 |
| 10 | Myrcene | Peppery, spicy | 1,143 | MS + LRI | Kaack et al., 2005 |
| 11 | Limonene | Citrus | 1,175 | MS + LRI | Cirlini et al., 2012 |
| 12 | Eucalyptol | Eucalyptus | 1,197 | MS + LRI | Chisholm et al., 2003 |
| 13 | Isoamyl alcohol | Alcoholic, whiskey | 1,220 | MS + LRI | Dall'Asta et al., 2011 |
| 14 | γ-terpinene | Oily, woody, terpenic, tropical | 1,227 | MS + LRI | Cirlini et al., 2012 |
| 15 | m-cymene | – | 1,258 | MS + LRI | Cavalli et al., 2003 |
| 16 | Terpinolene | Fresh, woody, sweet, citrus | 1,264 | MS + LRI | Choi, 2003 |
| 17 | Isoamyl isovalerate | Sweet, fruity, green | 1,285 | MS | – |
| 18 | Acetoin | Sweet, buttery, creamy, dairy | 1,300 | MS + LRI | Bianchi et al., 2007 |
| 19 | 2,3-Octanedione | Dill, cooked, broccoli | 1,322 | MS + LRI | Bianchi et al., 2007 |
| 20 | 2-Penten-1-ol | Green | 1,325 | MS + LRI | Pennarum et al., 2002 |
| 21 | (E)-2-Hexenyl-acetate | Green, fruity | 1,329 | MS + LRI | Jorgensen et al., 2000 |
| 22 | Sulcatone | Citrus | 1,336 | MS + LRI | Chung et al., 1993 |
| 23 | 2,3,4,5-Tetramethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one | – | 1,350 | MS | – |
| 24 | Hexanol | Herbal | 1,354 | MS + LRI | Cirlini et al., 2012 |
| 25 | (E)-3-Hexen-1-ol | Green, leafy | 1,365 | MS + LRI | Bianchi et al., 2007 |
| 26 | (Z)-3-Hexen-1-ol | Green, leafy | 1,386 | MS + LRI | Bianchi et al., 2007 |
| 27 | Herbal ketone | Fresh, sweet, green, weedy | 1,388 | MS | – |
| 28 | 3-Octanol | Earthy, mushroom | 1,392 | MS | – |
| 29 | (E)-2-Hexen-1-ol | Fruity, green, leafy | 1,407 | MS + LRI | Bianchi et al., 2007 |
| 30 | α-Ionene | – | 1,437 | MS | – |
| 31 | cis-Linalool oxide | – | 1,442 | MS + LRI | Cirlini et al., 2012 |
| 32 | 1-Octen-3-ol | Earthy | 1,449 | MS + LRI | Cirlini et al., 2012 |
| 33 | Heptanol | Green | 1,455 | MS + LRI | Cirlini et al., 2012 |
| 34 | Acetic acid | Sharp, pungent, vinegar | 1,470 | MS + LRI | Bianchi et al., 2007 |
| 35 | β-Linalool | Floral | 1,547 | MS + LRI | Cirlini et al., 2012 |
| 36 | Octanol | Waxy, green, orange | 1,555 | MS + LRI | Dall'Asta et al., 2011 |
| 37 | β-Caryophyllene | Sweet, woody | 1,588 | MS + LRI | Bianchi et al., 2007 |
| 38 | 2-Undecanone | Waxy, fruity, creamy | 1,598 | MS + LRI | Bianchi et al., 2007 |
| 39 | Hotrienol | Sweet, tropical | 1,609 | MS + LRI | Kaack et al., 2005 |
| 40 | 6-Methyl-heptanol | – | 1,612 | MS | – |
| 41 | Dihydro-citronellol | Floral | 1,617 | MS + LRI | Umano et al., 1999 |
| 42 | 6-Methyl-octanol | – | 1,626 | MS | – |
| 43 | Nonanol | Fresh, fatty, floral | 1,657 | MS + LRI | Dall'Asta et al., 2011 |
| 44 | 2-Furanmethanol | Alcoholic, chemical, caramellic, bready | 1,665 | MS + LRI | Dall'Asta et al., 2011 |
| 45 | Isovaleric acid | Stinky feet, cheese | 1,675 | MS + LRI | Ferreira et al., 2001 |
| 46 | α-Terpineol | Pine, terpene, lilac | 1,695 | MS + LRI | Cullere et al., 2004 |
| 47 | Cadina-1(10)-4-diene | – | 1,751 | MS | – |
| 48 | β-damascenone “like” | Woody, sweet, fruity, earthy | 1,758 | MS | – |
| 49 | β-citronellol (R) | Floral | 1,763 | MS +LRI | Ferreira et al., 2001 |
| 50 | Terpene not specified | – | 1,773 | MS | – |
| 51 | Methyl salicylate | Wintergreen mint | 1,778 | MS + LRI | Kaack et al., 2005 |
| 52 | Phenethyl acetate | Floral, rose, sweet, honey | 1,787 | MS + LRI | Ong and Acree, 1999 |
| 53 | cis-Geraniol | Sweet, floral, fruity, rose | 1,798 | MS + LRI | Nishimura, 1995 |
| 54 | 2-Tridecanone | Fatty, waxy, dairy, milky | 1,806 | MS | – |
| 55 | β-damascenone | Woody, sweet, fruity, earthy | 1,820 | MS + LRI | Valim et al., 2003 |
| 56 | trans-Geraniol | Sweet, floral, fruity, rose | 1,845 | MS + LRI | Goodner, 2008 |
| 57 | Caproic acid | Sour, fatty, sweaty, Cheesy | 1,855 | MS + LRI | Ferreira et al., 2001 |
| 58 | 2- Phenylmethanol | Floral | 1,879 | MS + LRI | Chung et al., 1993 |
| 59 | 2-Phenylethanol | Floral | 1,914 | MS + LRI | Ferreira et al., 2001 |
| 60 | Caproic acid like | – | 1,953 | MS | – |
| 61 | Dodecanol | earthy, soapy, waxy, Fatty | 1,963 | MS + LRI | flavornet.org |
| 62 | Terpene not specified | – | 1,971 | MS | – |
| 63 | 2-Hexenoic acid (E) | Fruity, sweet, warm, herbal | 1,981 | MS + LRI | flavornet.org |
| 64 | cis-Lanceol | – | 1,995 | MS | – |
| 65 | trans-Nerolidol | Floral, green, citrus, woody | 2,035 | MS | – |
| 66 | Caprylic acid | Fatty, waxy, rancid, oily | 2,062 | MS + LRI | Ferreira et al., 2001 |
| 67 | Eugenol | Spicy | 2,157 | MS + LRI | Cirlini et al., 2016 |