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(A) Supernatant cytokine concentration produced by PD and control PBMCs cultured for 24 h in media containing LPS (1ng/ml), α-synuclein fibrils, or α-synuclein monomers (1 nmol = 27.3 ng/ml). (B) Individual level data for IL-1β and IL-6 concentrations in post-culture supernatant in PD cases and matched controls for direct comparison between unstimulated, LPS and α-synuclein monomer stimulation for two key inflammatory cytokines. Error bars represent SEM.
