Figure 4.
Effect of chrysophanol on TNF-α, IL-6, PGE2 production and COX-2 expression in LPS-stimulated murine peritoneal macrophages. (A) Cells (3 × 105 cells/mL) were pretreated for 1 h with chrysophanol (2 and 20 μM), and then stimulated for 24 h with LPS (1 μg/mL). The levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the supernatant were measured by ELISA; (B) Cells (5 × 106 cells/mL) were pretreated for 1 h with chrysophanol (2 and 20 μM), and then stimulated for 24 h with LPS (1 μg/mL). The protein extracts were assayed by Western blot analysis for COX-2; (C) The amount of PGE2 production was measured usingimmunoassay kits. 1) unstimulated cells; 2) LPS (1 μg/mL); 3) chrysophanol (2 μM) plus LPS (1 μg/mL); 4) chrysophanol (20 μM) plus LPS (1 μg/mL). All data were represented in the mean ± S.E.M. of triplicate determinations from triplicate separate experiments (# p < 0.05 vs. control, * p < 0.05 vs. LPS alone).