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. 2018 Oct 23;43(1):336–344. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3948

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Copyright: © Zhang et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Immunohistochemical staining for LC3B, SQSTM1 and BECLIN1. (A) LC3B exhibited a decrease in the SZ and DZ of the cartilage in both the OA and OAE groups, while treadmill exercise increased LC3B expression in OA rats. (B) SQSTM1 expression was increased in the OA and OAE groups, while treadmill exercise evidently increased SQSTM1 level in the SZ and DZ of the cartilage. (C) BECLIN1 expression was increased in the OA and OAE groups in both the SZ and DZ of the cartilage, with no significant difference between the OA and OAE groups. (D) Results are expressed as the mean and 95% confidence interval (one-way analysis of variance; n=5). ^*P<0.05, ^**P<0.01 and ^***P<0.001 vs. control group; ⁺P<0.05,⁺⁺P<0.01 and ⁺⁺⁺P<0.001. OA, osteoarthritis; OAE, OA with treadmill exercise; LC3B, light chain 3B; SQSTM1, sequestosome 1; SZ, superficial zone; DZ, deep zone.